Critical Evaluation Flashcards

1
Q

Data Advocacy

A

Developing an inquiring mindset, learning what data drives the business and where it can be found, developing parternships across the orgz to promote EBDM.

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2
Q

Data Gathering

A

Knowing what constitues sufficient, credible, and objective evidence and being able to find it.

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3
Q

Data Analysis

A

Being able to organize data so that it reveals patterns and to analyze it to detect logical relationships.

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4
Q

Steps in EBDM

A

Being able to apply the results of data gathering and analysis to make better business decisions.

Ask
Acquire
Appraise
Aggregate
Apply
Assess
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5
Q

Advantages and Challenges to Interviews

A

Advantages: safer, confidential, comments can suggest direction for futher group research.

Challenges: time sensitive, need strong relationship building skills, requires vigilence to avoid bias

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6
Q

Advantages and Challenges to Focus Groups

A

*A structured discussion with a facilitator and group:

Advantages: flexible and comfortable for discussion, group brainstorming, learn about EE needs.

Challenges: fosters ‘group think’, participants can go off on tangent, no deep discussion

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7
Q

Focus Group Tools ‘Mind Mapping/Affinity Diagramming’

A

Mind Mapping: Begins the discussion with core ideas, group members add related ideas and indicate logical connections, eventually grouping similar ideas.

Affinity Diagramming: Affinity is a way of sorting a large amount of data that has already been collected, data is categorized until relationships are clearly drawn.

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8
Q

Focus Group Tools ‘Nominal Group Technique’

A

Rounds in which participants each suggest ideas, the rounds continue until no further ideas are proposed. Then redundancies are removed.

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9
Q

Focus Group Tools ‘Delphi Technique’

A

Progressively collects information from a group on a preselected issue, the first respondent proposes information, the next person adds something different, and so on, until a list is compiled.

People are anonymous

2nd round the reasearcher circulates the list and asks each respondent to refine previous ideas.

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10
Q

Surveys and Questionnaires as Data Source

A
  1. Obtaining a valid sample
  2. Designing the survey with analysis in mind (to compile and compare responses easier)
  3. Asking the right questions
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11
Q

Advantages and Challenges to Surveys/Questionnaire

A

Advantages: efficient, easy to quantify data

Disadvantages: obtain an acceptable response rate, follow up on anonymous data, time and statistical expertise

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12
Q

Reliabiltiy

A

Ability of a data gathering instrument or tool, such as a survey, to provide results that are consistent.

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13
Q

Validity

A

Ability of an instrument to measure what it is intended to measure.

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14
Q

Statistical Sampling

A

Often used when the population to be analyzed is verly large or when data cannot be obtained from the entire population.

The sample must be representative, it must reflect key characteristics of the enitre population being studied.

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15
Q

Median

A

The middle value in the range of values

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16
Q

Mode

A

The most frequently occuring values in a set of data

17
Q

Mean

A

The average score or value

18
Q

Unweighted vs Weighted Mean

A

Unweighted: sum of all values in the sample divided by the number of values. ($325,000/5=$65,000)

Weighted: used when some data in the dataset have more significance or effect than other data. More precise ($9,900+$5,400+$11,700+$32,200+$$6,750=$65,950 after you divide by how many ppl hold those positions)

19
Q

Standard Deviation

A

Represents the distance of any data point from the center of a distribution when data is distributed in a normal or expected pattern.

  • when SD in a dataset is low, the data curve is high and narrow
  • when SD is high, the curve is flatter and longer
20
Q

Variance Analysis

A

Identifies the degree of difference between planned and actual performance.

21
Q

Ratio Analysis

A

Compares the relative size of two variables and yields a percentage.

22
Q

Trend Analysis

A

Examines data from different points in time to determine if a variance is an isolaed event or if it is part of a longer trend.

23
Q

Regression Analysis

A

Dertemine whether a relationship exists between variables and the strength of the relationship.

24
Q

Root-Cause Analysis

A

Starts with a result and then works backwards. Fishbone 5 Why’s

25
Q

Scenario/What-If-Analysis

A

Can be used to test the possible effects of altering the details of a situation to see how the outcomes will vary under different conditions.

26
Q

Histogram

A

Appears as columns of varying heights, can show comparisons over time.

Ex: Analyze recruiting methods in terms of EE performance ratings

27
Q

Trend Diagram

A

Plots points on two axes. The horizontal axis usually represents time, can be used to test for presence of cycles/trends while the vertical axis represents volume.

Ex: Analyze workforce demands, high/low points in the calendar year

28
Q

Pareto Chart

A

80% of effects come from 20% of causes. It distinguishes between the vital few categories that contribute most of the issues.

Ex: Analyze and illustrate causes of voluntary and involuntary EE separation from the orgz.

29
Q

Scatter Diagram

A

Plots data points against 2 variables that form the x and y axes. To test possible casual relationships.

Ex: Maps the correlation of workplace accidents with a series of factors, such as access to safety training.

30
Q

How to Become an HR Data Advocate?

A
  1. Develop a questioning mindset
  2. Build fluency in the scientific literature of HR (regularly scanning resources)
  3. Gather data on a continuous basis
  4. Use evidence when communicating with stakeholders
  5. Institutionalize the competency in the HR function (report on new important classic articles)
31
Q

How to Assess Validity of Data Sources?

A

Does the source have authority? (labor dept, academic institution)

What are the source’s ppl biases?

Are the sources for data used in publication and cited?

Are the facts relevant?

Is the data current?

32
Q

Conducting More Effective Focus Groups

A
  1. Planning so that objectives are clearly defined
  2. Context, because culture has an effect orgz and national participation
  3. Facilitator, because you need a good one
  4. Recorded, so they take notes about comments
33
Q

Existing Data as Data Source

A

Can use official documents, performance data, financial data, reports, industry data.

Adv: rich, multi perspective source of data, eliminates bias of facilitator

Dis: time sensitive, requires experience to extract data, find data

34
Q

Artifacts as a Data Source

A

The objects created by members of a culture that convey a sense of that cultures values and priorities, beliefs, habits, and rituals, or perspectives.

For physical and virtual workplaces/environments

Adv: provides insight into cultural issues

Dis: requires researcher to understand the principles of culture, can create misunderstandings if there is 0 familiarity with culture.

35
Q

Errors and Bias in Statistical Analysis

A

Sampling: a sample may not represent the general population

Selection: when participants are not randomly assigned

Response: inverse of selection bias, the researchers invite a sample to join but the group that accepts is not representative

Performance: participants in a controlled study behave diff because they are being studied

Measurement: raters are measuring incorrectly

36
Q

Frequency Distribution

A

Used to sort numerical data to reveal patterns

How many times does it happen is frequency