crime type 9 - property crime

Question 1

the majority of crime in society results from what?

Answer 1

the illegal acquisition of property

Question 2

what percentage of all police recorded crime is property crime?

Answer 2

66%

Question 3

what different crime types does property crime incorporate?

Answer 3

• domestic and non domestic burglary
• theft from the person
• vehicle related theft
• shoplifting
• handling stolen goods
• fraud
• robbery
  -criminal damage

Question 4

what are the largest offences in police recorded data

Answer 4

fraud
criminal damage
arson

Question 5

property crime happens mainly at

Answer 5

at night
during the week
in the home, nearby/ on the street

Question 6

most commonly stolen items?

Answer 6

purse/ wallet/ money/ cards
garden furniture
cash
tools/ work materials

Question 7

what impact did covid 19 have on property crime ? what did it increase though?

Answer 7

it decreased
theft decreased by 19%
however fraud and computer misuse significantly increased

Question 8

property crime accounts for what per cent of crime reported by the CSEW?

Answer 8

80%

Question 9

What patterns in offences are there for burgulary?

Answer 9

the time of day = evening/ overnight mainly 25% each
entry point = 70% through a door
goods stolen = 32% cases had nothing stolen, 58% purses/ wallets/ money

Question 10

what declines in certain forms of burglary occurred over the years?

Answer 10

cash pre payment metres
distraction thefts
car key burglary

Question 11

why has burgulary been declining?

Answer 11

improvements to household security

Question 12

what improvements to household secuirty

Answer 12

• window locks
• light timers and sensors
• double deadlocks
• burglar alarms

Question 13

different factors contributing to victims of burglary

Answer 13

• areas with high unemployment
• urban areas rather than rural areas
• households with high incivility
• unemployed
• private and social renters rather than owner occupiers

Question 14

what age group are more likely to be victims?

Answer 14

16-24

Question 15

what income household is more likely to be victims?

Answer 15

low income £10,000 or less

Question 16

were levels of victimisation for burglary simialr for men and women

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

previosu victimisation is

Answer 17

predictive of future burglary victimisation
lifestyle theories

Question 18

what two mechanisms are at play for repeat victimisation

Answer 18

stable, attractive attributes such as poor surveillance, empty house most of time
victimisation changes the attributes - broken security measures not repaired

Question 19

nearby repeat buglaries increases

Answer 19

the likelihood of victimisation increases for nearby properties

Question 20

what emotional impact does property crime have

Answer 20

anger
shock
fear
difficulty sleeping
crying/ tears
depression
anxiety panic attacks
lack of confidence or vulnerable feelings
annoyance

Question 21

wollinger 2017 said what about victims changing their behaviours after a burgulary IN GERMANY

Answer 21

1,329 victims in 5 german cities:
33% did not change
58% invested in new security equipment
9% moved house

Question 22

what characteristics does the offender usually have?

Answer 22

young, male , lower income
high reoffending rate

Question 23

what theoretical explanations are there?

Answer 23

strain
rational choice.
routine activities

Question 24

what is the target selection of offenders

Answer 24

planners
searchers
opportunists

Question 25

bernasco and luykx 2003 adopted something like the rational choice theory persepective stating what 3 things contributed to why offenders commit pc?

Answer 25

attractiveness of the value of goods to steal
opportunity to get in and out and not seen
accessebility of the place to steal from, how close to offenders home, familairty with local area

Question 26

taylor 2018 suggest what about prolific offenders

Answer 26

suggest they develop cognitive scripts based on their experience of prior success that anchors their decision making
importantly this does not involve weighing up pros and cons of each potential target but rather relies on speedy rules of thumb or take the best heurisitic strategieis

Question 27

how can we put controls in place for situational crime prevention

Answer 27

target hardening - increasing difficulty of commision
increase the risk of detection - formal and informal surveillance
displacement effect

Question 28

research example - kirkholt burglary prevention project apply situational crime prevention

Answer 28

2280 homes in local community with twice rate of domestic burglary
- target removal - got rid of old coin pre payment fuel metres
- target hardening - improved security, property
- increased surveillance - cocoon neighbourhood watch

Question 29

what was the result of the kirkholt burglary prevention project

Answer 29

60% reduction in incidents
repeat victimisation to zero
improved public attitudes towards crime inareas
cost savings

Question 30

taylor 2018 used verbal protocol analysis and semi structured interviews - what is this

Answer 30

verbal protocol analysis is a method for collecting and analysing thought sequences that involve recording particpants verbalisation while they actively engage in a task
- burglars fitted with microphones, taken to burglary hotspot and asked to narrate their thought process for target selection

Question 31

what is the main advantage of verbal protocol analysis

Answer 31

it allows insight into offenders perspectives

Question 32

what factors are in taylor 2018 paused model

Answer 32

profitable
accessible
uninterruptible
surveillance
escapable
dishonourable