CRC

Question 1

Most common type of CRC

Answer 1

adenocarcinoma

Question 2

Risk factors

Answer 2

• FAP
  Autosomal dominant
  100% leads to CRC
• HNPCC
  Autosomal dominant
  Mutation of DNA mismatch repair gene
• IBS

Question 3

CFs

Answer 3

Abd. pain
Weight loss
Altered bowel habits
Faecal blood
Anaemia
Fatigue

Question 4

what gene mutation is responsible for hyperproliferation to form the early adenoma

Answer 4

APC - tumour suppressor

Question 5

what gene mutation is responsible for the formation of the intermediate adenoma

Answer 5

K-Ras - Controls cell division

Question 6

what gene mutation is responsible for the formation of the late adenoma

Answer 6

DCC - tumour suppressor

Question 7

what mutation is responsible for the fromation of a carcinoma

Answer 7

p53 - tumour suppressor

Question 8

what does a carcinoma lead to?

Answer 8

Metastasis

Question 9

Ix

Answer 9

Rectal exam
FBC (for IDA & carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) tumour markers)
CT/barium enema study
Endoscopy

Question 10

Mgx

Answer 10

Surgical resection of bowel

Followed by Adj. chemotherapy

If palliative care, give palliative chemotherapy

Radio/neo-adjuvant chemo may be give before surg to dec size of Ca.