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Paper 2 > AKI > Flashcards

AKI Flashcards

1
Q

AKI def

A

decrease in GFR
Inc creatinine
Inc urea
Dec urine output

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2
Q

Pre-renal AKI

A

Decreased perfusion to kidney

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3
Q

Causes of pre-renal AKI

A
  • Hypovolaemia - haemorrhage, vomiting, and diarrhoea
  • Low effective arterial blood volume (EABV) - HF, cirrhosis, sepsis
  • Anatomical - renal artery stenosis
  • Drug-induced - NSAIDs, ACEi, diuretics
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4
Q

Intra-renal AKI

A

Structural/functional change of the nephron

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5
Q

Causes of intra-renal AKI

A
  • Acute tubular necrosis - ischaemic/toxic injury to PCT
  • Acute interstitial nephritis - drug induced, infection induced, immune mediated
  • Glomerular disease - nephritic/nephrotic syndrome.
  • Intra-tubular obstruction pigment (e.g. rhabdomyolysis)
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6
Q

Post-renal AKI

A

Obstruction

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7
Q

Causes of post-renal AKI

A

Ureters
Bladder
Prostate
Urethra

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8
Q

Nephrotoxic drugs

A

ACEi
NSAIDs
Aminoglycosides

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9
Q

AKI Ix

A

U & Es
FBC
LFTs
VBG

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10
Q

AKI Mgx

A
  • stop nephrotoxic meds
  • Fluids (in hypovolaemia/hypotension)
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Paper 2 (23 decks)

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