Cranio-vertebral Joints

Question 0

Alar ligaments

Answer 0

From dens to occipital bone

-Prevents excessive rotation of head

Question 1

Cranio-vertebral joint ligaments

Answer 1

-Stabilize joint, protect medulla, prevent excessive movement

Question 2

Membrana tectori and Posterior Atlanto-Occipital membrane

Answer 2

Continuous w/ posterior longitudinal ligament and ligamentum flavum

-Superiorly connects to Dura

Question 3

Transverse ligament of Atlas

Answer 3

Attaches to atlas; holds dens anteriorly

• Part of cruciate ligament

Question 4

Structures of the sub-occipital triangle

Answer 4

Arteries:

1. Vertebral
2. Occipital

Nerves:

1. Suboccipital- (Dorsal rami of C1) Suboccipital muscles
2. Great Occipital- (Dorsal rami of C2) Sensory to skin

Question 5

Tension Headache

Answer 5

Stress of Rectus capitis posterior minor inserting to the posterior atlanto-occipito membrane (dura)

=>Headaches

Question 6

Mucosal Layers of GI Tract

Answer 6

1. Mucosal epithelia
2. Submucosa CT layer
3. Muscular Layer
   * Inner- Circular; Outer- Longitduinal
4. Bucco-pharyngeal fascia

Question 7

Adenoids

Answer 7

Pharyngeal tonsils

-Can swell and block auditory tube

Question 8

Food lodging (Popcorn)

Answer 8

1. Valleculae (in b/w medial and lateral epiglottic folds)

2. Piriform recess (lateral to inlet of larynx)