Cranial Nerve Concepts

Question 0

UMN exceptions to general rule (Entirely ipsilateral)

Answer 0

SCM (XI)

Question 1

UMN exceptions to general rule (Entirely contralateral)

Answer 1

Lower face (VII), trapezius (XI), genioglossus (XII)

Question 2

LMN exception to general rule (Contralateral projection)

Answer 2

Superior oblique (IV)

Question 3

Olfactory bulb projections

Answer 3

Temporal Lobe:

1. Pyriform Cortex- found in the parahippocampal gyrus; does NOT relay thru nuclues*
2. Entorhinal cortex- *First cortical area to degenerate in Alzheimer’s
3. Amygdala- Limbic system structure
   * Also relays to septal nuclei located in the frontal lobe

Question 4

Edinger-Westphal nucleus

Answer 4

Paired nucleus in III that supplies parasympathetic info to the ciliary ganglion

Question 5

Tic douloureux

Answer 5

“Trigeminal neuralgia”

-Paroxysms of excruciating pain usually in the maxillary portion of V

Question 6

Nucleus caudalis

Answer 6

“Spinal nucleus of V”

-Relays info about pain and temp from the face

Question 7

Medial longitudinal fasciculus

Answer 7

Coordinates eye movements by connecting the vertical and horizontal gaze centers w/ CNs III, IV, and VI

Travels just ventral to SC in medulla; ventral to PAG at more rostral levels

Question 8

Alar pate

Answer 8

Embryological plate that differentiates into sensory componenets

Question 9

Basal (anterior) plate

Answer 9

Embryological plate that differentiates into motor components

Question 10

Pupillary Light Reflex

Answer 10

Light is shined in one eye

Info is sent to the pretectum and then to BOTH Edinger-Westphal nuclei

*Allows for a direct and consensual response

Question 11

Damage to CN III axons

Answer 11

Ipsilateral oculomotor ophthalmoplegia and possible diplopia (if EYEBROW is RAISED)

Question 12

Belle’s Palsy

Answer 12

Inflammatory disorder of VII as it travels thru petrous part of temporal bone

• Ipilateral paralysis of total face
• Loss of taste to anterior 2/3
• Decreased salivation
• Hyperacusis