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S&F: Exam 2 > Brainstem > Flashcards

Brainstem Flashcards

0
Q

Spinal Trigeminal Tract

A

Descending pathway of peripheral processes of axons from the trigeminal nucleus; synapse in the spinal nucleus of V

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1
Q

Spinal Tract and Nucleus of V

A

Found in the rostral medulla; contain info about pain/temp in the face

*Part of a column continuous w/ dorsal gray matter w/ the spinal cord

=>essentially a continuation of this tract

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2
Q

Trigeminothalamic Tract

A

Ascending axon that synapse in the VMP in the thalamus, superior colliculus, PAG, and reticular formation

  • Fibers decussate @ various levels in the PONS
  • Pain processing, visual reflexes, vertical gaze center, and RAS
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3
Q

Restiform body

A

“Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle”

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4
Q

Clarke’s Nucleus

A

Found in the rostral medulla; receives proprioceptive info from the dorsal column and projects axons thru the restiform body

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5
Q

Accessory cuneate nucleus

A

Sends neurons thru the cuneocerebellar tract to relay unconscious proprioceptive info

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6
Q

Dorsal nucleus of X

A

Lies in the dorsal medulla; relays parasympathetic axons to the thoracic region

-Is just lateral to hypoglossal nucleus

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7
Q

Nucleus tractus solitarius

A

Primarily relays gustatory information (rostral medulla)

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8
Q

Nucleus ambiguus

A

LMNs for IX and X; innervation of soft palate, pharynx, larynx, and upper esophagus

-If it could be seen, it would be just dorsal to the ION

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9
Q

False localizing sign

A

Compression of nerve VI from increased ICP; results in medial strabismus

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10
Q

Paramedian pontine reticular formation

A

Horizontal gaze center that coordinates CN III, IV, and VI fnxn

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11
Q

Facial colliculus

A

Bulge on the floor of the 4th ventricle in the pons due to the wrapping of axons of VII

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12
Q

SON

A

Sharpens auditory info and fnxns in acoustic reflex

-Axons decussate to hear thru the trapezoid body

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13
Q

Chief sensory nucleus of V

A

Relays info about fine touch, vibration, and conscious proprioception from the face

-Also called the principal, main, superior, or PONTINE TRIGEMINAL NUCLEUS

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14
Q

Motor Nucleus of V

A

Lies medial to chief sensory nucleus of V; branchiomotor to muscles of mastication

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15
Q

Mesencephalic tract and nucleus

A

Relays unconscious proprioception from muscles of mastication

  • Fibers run to motor nucleus of V and motor nucleus of VII (corneal reflex)
  • Only pseudounipolar neurons found in CNS
16
Q

Nucleus locus coreulus

A

Reticular formation important in arousal, attention, sleep cycles

-Found dorsolaterally in the rostral pontine tegmentum

17
Q

Pontine nuclei

A

In the basal pons; contains corticospinal and corticobulbar axons

18
Q

Superior Colliculus

A

Found in tectum of rostral midbrain

-Outputs to the cervical spinal cord, gaze centers, and to the pulvinar

19
Q

PAG

A

Contains:
1. Mesencephalic nucleus of V

  1. Descending neurons for transmission of pain; stimulated by opiods which can produce analgesia*
  2. Vertical gaze center
20
Q

Red nucleus

A

Lies at the level of the superior colliculus; output is part of the indirect corticospinal system

*Lesions will produce tremors

21
Q

Decorticate posturing contralaterally

A

Lesion above the red nucleus; flexed arm/extended leg

22
Q

Decerebrate posturing contralaterally

A

Unilateral lesion below the red nucleus; extend arm/extend leg

23
Q

Substantia nigra

A

Contains:

  1. Pars compacta- dopamine NTs; first area to go in Parkinson’s*
  2. Pars reticularis- GABA NTs; efferent area of nucleus
24
Q

Crus cerebri

A

Contains projection axons and is continuous w/ the internal capsule

-Middle 1/3 contains corticobulbar and corticospinal axons

25
Q

Herpes Zoster

A

Can involve the ophthalmic division of V resulting in corneal ulcerations and possible blindness

26
Q

Vestibular nuclei

A

Found in rostral-most medulla

(Found about where dorsal nucleus of X would be)

*PICA=main blood supply

27
Q

Cochlear nuclei

A

Lies in lateral part of the most-rostral medulla

*AICA= main blood supply

28
Q

Brachium conjunctivum

A

Superior Cerebellar Peduncle

*Major output center of cerebellum

S&F: Exam 2 (17 decks)

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