Cranial Nerves Flashcards
What are the cranial nerves?
Olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulochochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, spinal accessory, hypoglossal. “Oh once one takes the anatomy final very good vacations are heavenly”
What modalities do the cranial nerves have?
Somatic motor, branchial motor, visceral motor, visceral sensory, general sensory, special sensory
What are the branchial arches and their associated cranial nerves?
First (mandibular) arch = trigeminal n
Second (hyoid) arch = facial n
Third arch = glossopharyngeal n
Fourth and sixth = superior laryngeal branch of vagus and recurrent laryngeal branch of vagus
If a muscle has the word “tensor” in it’s name, what nerve innervates it?
Trigeminal n
What is the only postganglionic parasympathetic nerve?
Deep petrosal n
How do postganglionic sympathetic fibers get to the structures that they innervate?
By traveling on vessels that go to those structures
All sympathetic fibers are….?
Postganglionic
What four ganglia in the head do preganglionic parasympathetic fibers synapse at?
Cilliary, pterygopalatine, otic, and submandibular
Preganglionic parasympathetics are carried by which cranial nerves?
III, VII, IX, X
How do postganglionic parasympathetic fibers get to the structures that they innervate?
“Piggy back” on branch of trigeminal n
What type of nerve is the olfactory nerve?
Special sensory
What type of nerve is the optic nerve?
Special sensory
What nerves go to the ocular muscles?
CN III, CN IV, CN VI
What type of nerve is the oculomotor nerve?
Somatic motor and visceral motor
What type of nerve is the trochlear nerve?
Somatic motor
What does the trochlear nerve do?
Superior oblique muscle of the eye
What type of nerve is the abducens nerve?
Somatic motor
What does the abducens nerve do?
Lateral rectus muscle of the eye (ABducts eye)
How does oculomotor n vs trochlear/abducens n move the eye?
Oculomotor - up and in
Trochlear/abducens - down and out
What type of nerve is the trigeminal nerve?
Branchial motor and general sensory
What are the divisions of the trigeminal n?
Ophthalmic (V1), maxillary (V2), and Mandibular (V3)
What is another name for trigeminal neuralgia?
Tic douloureux
What branches arise from the ophthalmic division (V1)?
Lacrimal, frontal, nasociliary, meningeal branch
What branches arise from the maxillary division (V2)?
Zygomatic, infraorbital, superior alveolar, palatine, meningeal
What branches arise from the mandibular division (V3)?
Buccal, lingual, inferior alveolar, auriculotemporal, meningeal
What type of nerve is facial nerve?
Branchial motor, visceral motor, general sense, special sense
What type of nerve is the vestibulocochlear nerve?
Special sensory
What type of nerve is the glossopharyngeal nerve?
Branchial motor, visceral motor, visceral sensory, general sensory, special sensory
What type of nerve is the vagus nerve?
Branchial motor, visceral motor, visceral sensory, general sensory
What type of nerve is the spinal accessory nerve?
Branchial motor
What type of nerve is the hypoglossal nerve?
Somatic motor
What innervates the thyrohyoid?
N to thyrohyoid (C1) that travels down with hypoglossal n
What foramen does CN I go through?
Cribriform plate
What foramen does CN II go through?
Optic canal
What foramen does CN III go through?
Superior orbital fissure
What foramen does CN IV go through?
Superior orbital fissure
What foramen does V1 go through?
Superior orbital fissure
What foramen does CN VI go through?
Superior orbital fissure
What foramen does V2 go through?
Foramen rotundum
What foramen does V3 go through?
Foramen ovale
What foramen does CN VII go through?
Internal acoustic meatus
What foramen does CN VIII go through?
Internal acoustic meatus
What foramen does CN IX go through?
Jugular foramen
What foramen does CN X go through?
Jugular foramen
What foramen does CN XI go through?
Jugular foramen
What foramen does CN XII go through?
Hypoglossal canal
What CN innervates carotid body and carotid sinus?
CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
