Cranial Nerves Flashcards
The cranial nerves emerge
- directly from cerebrum & brainstem (above level of 1st vertebrae)
the function of cranial nerves
relay information between brain and parts of body – senses of vision, smell, taste, hearing
(primarily to/from the head & neck)
How many C.N originate in brainstem?
10
How many C.N originate in cerebrum
2 (olfactory & optic)
Cranial nerve names
I Olfactory
II Optic
III Oculomotor
IV Trochlear
V Trigeminal
VI Abducens
VII Facial
VIII Vestibulocochlear
IX Glossopharyngeal
X Vegas
XI Accessory (spinal)
XII Hypoglossal
these nerves are ..
sensory (3)
motor (5)
both (4)
Seven fiber types
GSE, GSA, GVA, GSA
Special Somatic Afferent (SSA)
Special Visceral Efferent (SVE)
Special Visceral Afferent (SVA)
Trigeminal Nerve (V)
Origin: pons
Function: touch, pain, temp, vibration for face, mouth & anterior 2/3 tongue
Motor and Sensory (both)
Facial Nerve (VII)
Origin: pons
Function: Muscles of face, sensation near ears, taste in anterior 2/3 of tongue, salivary glands
Motor and Sensory (both)
origin of trigeminal nerve
pons
origin of facial nerve
pons
function of trigeminal nerve
- touch
- pain
- temp
- vibration
^ for face, mouth & anterior 2/3 tongue
function of facial nerve
- Muscles of face
- sensation near ears
- taste in anterior 2/3 of tongue
- salivary glands
fiber type of trigeminal
both
fiber type of facial
both
There are __ branches for facial nerve
5
Wide area of function for the facial nerve
Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII)
AKA Auditory nerve (balance ear)
Origin: pons/medulla junction
Function: hearing and balance
sensory fiber type
origin of Vestibulocochlear nerve
pons/medulla junction
function of Vestibulocochlear nerve
hearing and balance
fiber type of Vestibulocochlear
sensory
Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)
Origin: pons/medulla junction
Function: pharyngeal movement, parotid gland (salivation), middle ear, pharynx, posterior 1/3 of tongue, taste on posterior 1/3 of tongue
both
origin of Glossopharyngeal Nerve
pons/medulla junction
function of Glossopharyngeal Nerve
pharyngeal movement
parotid gland (salivation)
middle ear, pharynx, post 1/3 of tongue
taste on posterior 1/3 of tongue
fiber type of Glossopharyngeal
both
Vagus Nerve (X)
aka the Wanderer
Origin: medulla
Function: pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles, heart/lungs/digestive tract, tactile sensation to external ear canal, pain from mucous membranes, taste from epiglottis & pharynx
both
origin of vagus
medulla
function of vagus
pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles
heart/lungs/digestive tract
tactile sensation to external ear canal
pain from mucous membranes
taste from epiglottis & pharynx
fiber type of vagus
both
Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)
origin: medulla
function: muscles of tongue
motor
origin of Hypoglossal nerve
medulla
function of Hypoglossal nerve
muscles of tongue
fiber type of Hypoglossal
motor
Muscles of larynx/pharynx
Vagus nerve (X) innervates the striated muscles of L/P with the exceptions of
- stylopharyngeous muscle (CN IX)
- tensor veli palatini (CN V)
Muscles of tongue
Hypoglossal (XII) nerve innervates all intrinsic/extrinsic lingual muscles with the exception of
- palatoglossus muscle (innervated by Vagus)
Palatoglossus muscle function…
- elevate posterior portion of the tongue
- draw soft palate inferiority
Cranial nerves in speaking
V, VII, X, XI, XII
Cranial nerves in hearing
V, VII, VIII
Cranial nerves in voice
V, VII, X, XII
Cranial nerves in swallowing
V, VII, IX, X, XI, XII
