Cranial nerve pathways Flashcards
I
Axons of olfactory receptors form the olfactory nerve
Axons go through the olfactory foramina in cribriform plate
Olfactory bulbs
Olfactory tracts
Primary olfactory area + limbic system + hypothalamus
Frontal lobe
II
rods + cones (then to bipolar cells – then to ganglion cells)
Optic nerve
Through the optic foramen/canal
Optic chiasm
Optic tract
Superior colliculi
OR
Lateral geniculate nucleus
Primary visual area
III Motor
Motor nucleus in midbrain
Superior orbital fissure
Superior branch
OR
Inferior branch
III Autonomic
Motor nucleus in midbrain
Superior orbital fissure
Inferior branch
Cicilary ganglion
Cicilary mm
OR
Circular mm or iris
IV
Trochlear nucleus in midbrain
Superior orbital fissure
Superior oblique mm of eyeball
V Ophthalmic
Superior Orbital Fissure
Ophthalmic branch
Trigeminal Ganglion
Pons
V Maxillary
Foramen Rotundem
Maxillary branch
Trigeminal Ganglion
Pons
V Mandibular
Foramen Ovale
Mandibular branch
Trigeminal ganglion
Pons
VI
Abducens nucleus in pons
Superior orbital fissure
Lateral rectus mm of eyeball
VII Sensory
taste buds of anterior 2/3 of tongue
stylomastoid foramen
geniculate ganglion
pons
thalamus
gustatory area of cerebral cortex
-also sensory axons from skin in ear canal (touch, pain, temp)
VII Motor
nucleus in pons
stylomastoid foramen
facial expression muscles, stylohyoid mm, posterior digastric mm, stapedius mm
VIII Vestibular
Semicircular canals, the saccule + utricle of inner ear
Vestibular ganglion
Vestibular nuclei in pons + medulla
VIII Cochlear
Spiral organ (organ of Corti) in cochlea of internal ear
Spiral ganglion
Internal acoustic meatus
Cochlear nuclei in medulla
Thalamus
Primary auditory area
IX Sensory
- Taste buds on posterior 1/3 of tongue
- Proprioceptors from some swallowing muscles
- Baroreceptors in carotid sinus that monitor BP
- Chemoreceptors in carotid sinus
- External ear to convey touch, pain, heat and cold
Superior and inferior ganglia
Jugular foramen
medulla
IX Motor
nuclei in medulla
jugular foramen
stylopharyngeus muscle
IX Autonomic
inferior salivary nucleus in medulla
otic ganglion
parotid gland
X Sensory
- Skin of external ear for touch, pain, heat and cold
- Taste buds in epiglottis and pharynx
- Proprioceptors in mm of neck and throat
- Baroreceptors & chemoreceptors in carotid sinus & aortic
bodies - Most sensory axons come from visceral sensory receptors
in most organs of thoracic & abdominal cavities that
convey sensations (ie hunger, fullness, discomfort)
Superior and inferior ganglia
Jugular foramen
medulla
X Motor
medulla
jugular foramen
Muscles of the pharynx, larynx & soft palate (swallowing, vocalization, coughing)
X Autonomic
medulla
jugular foramen
smooth muscle of lungs
cardiac muscle
glands of GI tract
smooth mm of respiratory passageways
esophagus
stomach
gallbladder
small intestine
most of large intestine
XI
Motor axons from anterior grey horn of C1-C5
ascend through foramen magnum
exit through jugular foramen
SCM & trapezius
XII
Hypoglossal nucleus in the medulla
Hypoglossal canal
muscles of tongue
