CPET Flashcards
PETO2
End tidal O2
PETCO2
End tidal CO2
Surrogate for arterial CO2 (PaCO2)
PETCO2
Ve
Expired ventilation (Minute ventilation)
PAO2
Alveolar oxygen
4 values derived from the lungs on CPET
Ve PETO2 PETCO2 PAO2
Q
Cardiac output
PaO2
Arterial oxygen pressure
CaO2
Arterial oxygen content
SaO2
Arterial oxygen sat
PaCO2
Arterial carbon dioxide pressure
4 values from the arteries on CPET
PaO2 CaO2 SaO2 PaCO2
VO2
Oxygen consumption (uptake by muscles)
VCO2
CO2 production by muscles
2 values from muscles in CPET
VO2 VCO2
3 values from veins in CPET
SvO2 CvO2 PvO2
SvO2
Venous oxygen sat
CvO2
Venous oxygen content
PvO2
Venous oxygen pressure
FICK equation
VO2 = Q x (CaO2 - CvO2)
Normal amount of oxygen extracted at peak exercise
80% (Does not change in diseased state)
Normal RPM for cycle ergometer to achieve desired work rate
55 - 65 rpm
RER
Respiratory exchange ratio
AT
Anaerobic threshold
HRR
Heart rate recovery
Measurement of HR 1 minute after stopping exercise in CPET
Heart rate recover (HRR)
Normal range for HRR
20 - 30 (< 12 is abnormal)
VR
Ventilatory reserve
Vd/Vt
Dead space ventilation
Normal range for VO2
> 80%
VO2 threshold suggesting serious cardiopulmonary disease is not likely
> 20%
Normal % of VO2 for people to hit anaerobic threshold
50-66%
Anaerobic threshold of VO2 that suggests cardiac impairment
< 40%
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V slope curve for anaerobic threshold
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Minute ventilation for anaerobic threshold
Formula for max HR
220 - age
VO2/HR
Oxygen pulse
(Surrogate of SV)
Normal VO2/HR
> 80% or
15 ml/beat in men
10 ml/beat in women
MVV
Maximum voluntary ventilation
MVV formula from PFT
FEV1 x 40
Ventilatory reserve formulas (2)
VEmax/MVV x 100 (n = < 75%)
MVV - VEmax (n = > 11L)
Exercise Oscilatory Breathing (EOB)
Cardiac limitation
Poor prognosis
High risk of sudden cardiac death
VE/VCO2
Amount of exhaled volume needed to expell 1L of CO2
Normal increase in VO2 with exercise
12-18x baseline
Normal increase in HR with exercise
2.5 - 3 x baseline
Normal increase in SV with exercise
1.5 - 2 x baseline
Normal increase in CO in exercise
4-5 x baseline
Normal increase in Ve with exercise
20-25 x baseline
Cardiac limitation pattern
Pulmonary Limitation patter
Pulmonary vascular disease/ILD pattern
Normal pattern
Normal A-a gradient
5-20
Normal Max Vt
60% of FVC
Normal Ve
<60-80% of MVV
Normal PETCO2
35-45
Normal PETO2
100-115
Normal Dead Space
0.25 - 0.35
Normal Ve/Vco2
24-34
Normal Ve/Vo2
22-32