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Pulmonology Board Review > Asthma > Flashcards

Asthma Flashcards

1
Q

Genetic factors in asthma

A

HLA alleles, FceRE-B, IL-4 gene mutations, CD14 gene mutations

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2
Q

Cytokines produced by TH2 cells

A

IL-13, IL-4, IL-5,

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3
Q

Cytokine responsible for eosinophil differentiation and survival

A

IL-5

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4
Q

Cells that produce IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in non-TH2 asthma

A

ILC2

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5
Q

Type of asthma that is caused by triggers in the environment that are not allergens and do not trigger allergic response

A

T2 Low asthma

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6
Q

Cytokine that recruits eosinophils to the airway

A

IL-13

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7
Q

Cytokine that causes IgE production by B-Cells

A

IL-4

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8
Q

Immunoglobulin that activates mast cells and basophils

A

IgE

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9
Q

Indirect bronchial challenge methods that increase the osmolarity of the airway surface releasing mediators from mast cells or basophils

A

Exercise testing, isocapneic hyperpnea, hypertonic saline, mannitol

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10
Q

Indirect bronchial challenge method that activates A2b receptors on mast cells

A

Adenosine-5’-monophosphate (AMP)

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11
Q

Indirect bronchial challenge testing that directly stimulates the sensory nerves in the airways

A

Sulfur dioxide, Bradykinin, Allergens

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12
Q

How indirect bronchial challenge testing compares to direct

A

More specific but less sensitive, correlates better with inflammation, more predictive of anti-inflammatory response

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13
Q

Substance produced by airway epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and inflammatory cells in the lungs

A

Nitric oxide

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14
Q

Class of medications that will NOT affect nitric oxide level

A

Anti-IL-5

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15
Q

4 types of T2 asthma

A

Allergic, Late onset eosinophilic, exercise induced, and aspirin exacerbated

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16
Q

3 types of non-t2-asthma

A

obesity associated, smooth muscle mediated paucigranulocytic, smoking related

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17
Q

Mild FeNO levels

A

< 25

18
Q

Moderate FeNO levels

A

26-49

19
Q

High FeNO levels

A

> 50

20
Q

Low eosinophil count in asthma

A

<150

21
Q

Moderate eosinophil count in asthma

A

151-399

22
Q

Severe eosinophil count in asthma

A

> 400

23
Q

Low IgE levels

A

< 30

24
Q

Moderate IgE levels

A

31-149

25
Q

High IgE levels

A

> 150

26
Q

High Sputum eosinophil level

A

> 3%

27
Q

High serum periostin level

A

> 50

28
Q

High DPP-4 level

A

whatever is > the median

29
Q

Diagnostic criteria for exercise induced asthma

A

symptoms with provocation by exercise or exercise test with a 15% change in PEF or FEV1

30
Q

Asthma type characterized with nasal polyps, elevated eosinophils and IgG4 levels

A

Aspirin induced asthma

31
Q

Gene mutation associated with aspirin induced asthma

A

HLADPB1*0301

32
Q

Frequency of daytime symptoms in intermittent asthma

A

< 2 days per week

33
Q

Frequency of nighttime symptoms in intermittent asthma

A

< 2 x per month

34
Q

Frequency of daytime symptoms in mild asthma

A

> 2 days per week but not daily

35
Q

Frequency of nighttime symptoms in mild asthma

A

2-4 x per month

36
Q

Frequency of daytime symptom in moderate asthma

A

daily

37
Q

Frequency of nighttime symptoms in moderate asthma

A

> 1 x per week but not nightly

38
Q

Frequency of daytime symptoms in severe asthma

A

Throughout the day

39
Q

Frequency of nighttime symptoms in severe asthma

A

Nightly

40
Q

Max dose methylcholine for a methylcholine challenge

A

16 mg/ml

41
Q

Level of methylcholine that will cause a positive reaction in most with hyperresponsive airway

A

8 mg/ml

42
Q

4 causes of chronic cough

A

upper airway cough syndrome (UACS)
Asthma
Nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis
GERD

Pulmonology Board Review (32 decks)

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