Coxsackie Flashcards
What is the typical history associated with coxsackie viral infections?
Sudden onset of fever, sore throat, and malaise. Rash and lesions may appear on hands, feet, mouth (hand, foot, and mouth disease). Herpangina with vesicular lesions in the oral cavity.
What are the key physical examination findings in coxsackie viral infections?
Vesicular lesions on hands, feet, mouth. Erythematous throat with vesicles in herpangina. Possible rash on buttocks. Fever and general malaise.
What investigations are necessary for diagnosing coxsackie viral infections?
Clinical diagnosis primarily. Throat swab or stool sample for viral culture. PCR for viral RNA detection. Serology for specific antibodies.
What are the non-pharmacological management strategies for coxsackie viral infections?
Maintain hydration. Encourage rest. Use cool fluids and soft foods. Maintain good oral hygiene. Isolate to prevent spread.
What are the pharmacological management options for coxsackie viral infections?
Symptomatic treatment with antipyretics like acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Topical oral anesthetics for mouth pain. No specific antiviral therapy.
What are the red flags to look for in coxsackie viral infections?
Severe or prolonged fever. Difficulty swallowing or breathing. Signs of dehydration: dry mouth, reduced urine output. Neurological symptoms: headache, neck stiffness.
When should a patient with coxsackie viral infections be referred to a specialist?
Severe or atypical presentation. Complications such as myocarditis, meningitis, or encephalitis. Immunocompromised patients. Prolonged symptoms not responding to supportive care.
What is one key piece of pathophysiology related to coxsackie viral infections?
Caused by coxsackievirus, an enterovirus. Virus replicates in the gastrointestinal tract. Spreads to other organs via bloodstream. Hand, foot, and mouth disease, herpangina are common manifestations.
