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401 - Content > COVID 19 > Flashcards

COVID 19 Flashcards

1
Q

This is caused by which virus

A

SARS-COV-2

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2
Q

SARS-COV-2 & ACE2 relationship?

A

The virus binds to ACE on respiratory endothelial lining

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3
Q

Risk factors

A

• increase age
• male
• co-morbidities
• black and Asian decent

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4
Q

Diagnosis

A

• LFT
• PCR
• blood - serology

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5
Q

What condition can COVID-19 lead to

A

ARDS - acute respiratory distress syndrome
Pneumonia
Respiratory failure

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6
Q

Symptoms

A

• SOB
• headache
• fever
• chill
• loss of taste
• loss of smell

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7
Q

Severe symptoms

A

• severe SOB
• reduce urine output
• confusion
• cynosis
• hypoxia
• heamoptysis

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8
Q

Those being treated in the community, what advise would you give

A

• vaccinations
• social distancing
• testing at home
• symtomp management with OTC - paracetamol, ibuprofen, antihistamines

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9
Q

Those at high risk will be treated in hospital or Covid medical delivery units (CMDUs), who are those at high risk

A

• Down syndrome
• received organ transplant
• hepatic impairment
• renal impairment
• immune deficiencies
• taking oral corticosteroids

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10
Q

Nirmatrelvir + Ritonavir is first line - what is the moa of both drugs

A

Nirmatrelvir - inhibits SARS-Cov-2

Ritonavir - inhibits CYP3A enzyme, decreasing metabolism of Nirmatrelvir, increase its plasma concentration

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11
Q

Is this oral or iv what what is the duration of treatment

A

Oral - 5 days

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12
Q

Who is eligible for this.

A

• 70+
• diabetes
• HF
• no need for supplemental oxygen
• BMI 31+

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13
Q

2nd line: sotrovimab moa

A

Binds to the spike proteins on SARS-COV-2, inhibiting virus from affecting other human cells

Monoclonal antibody

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14
Q

Is this oral or iv what what is the duration of treatment

A

IV - 5 days

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15
Q

Eligible

A

Those who do not need supplemental oxygen

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16
Q

3rd line: remdesivir - moa

A

Inhibits viral RNA, inhibiting SARS-COV-2 replication

17
Q

Is this oral or iv what what is the duration of treatment

A

IV - 5 days

18
Q

Eligiblity criteria

A

Those with pneumonia who need oxygen supplementation

Or

Those who don’t need oxygen supplementation

19
Q

4th line: Molnupiravir - moa

A

ribonucleoide analogue, which creates mutation in viral RNA, inhibiting its abbility to replicate

20
Q

When can dexomethasone be used

A

For those who need supplemental oxygen or are hypoxic but cannot have oxygen

21
Q

It’s moa?

A

Binds to glucorticoid receptors and promote anti-inflammatory response

22
Q

Is it given via iv or oral

A

Both

23
Q

What are some alternatives?

A

Prednisone

Corticosteroids

24
Q

What is a common secondary condition of COVID

A

Pneumonia

25
Q

What complications (conditions) can occur with COVID

A

• AKI - keep hydrated
• VTE - LMWH
• acute MI

401 - Content (17 decks)

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