Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

401 - Content > COPD > Flashcards

COPD Flashcards

1
Q

Is COPD reversible

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Charctoristics of emphysema (dilated airways)

A

• destruction of alveoli wall - less passes for gasses exchange

• air trapping in alveoli = low levels of oxygen and high levels of CO2

• loss of elastic recoil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Characteristics of Bronchitis - blue bloaters

A

• inflam of bronchi
• muco cillary dysfunction = excess mucus producing = chronic cough
• hypoxia cor pulmonary
• cynosis- blue in colour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Causes of COPD?

A

• smoking
• asthma
• fumes
• air pollution
• age
• genes - AATD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Symptoms of emphysema?

A

• severe breathlessness
• hyperinflation
• thin appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Symptoms of bronchitis

A

• hypoxia cor pumonary
• breathlessness
• respiratory failure
• cynosis
• obese
• productive cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Complications of COPD

A

• lung cancer
• recurrent chest infections
• anxiety
• depression
• respiratory failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Differential diagnosis?

A

• asthma
• TB
• cystic fibrosis
• lung cancer
• HF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Test/investigations?

A

• spirometry
• chest x ray
• CT scan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What vaccines should be given

A

pneumococcal + annual influenza (inactivated)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who should receive oxygen

A

• those with stable hypoxia OR blue bufferes

(It is not for breathlessness)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If a patient has high levels of CO2 what should the oxygen saturation target be?

A

88- 92%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If a patient has low/normal levels of CO2 what should the oxygen saturation target be?

A

94-98%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Should the oxygen be at high or low conc?

A

Low concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Before treatment begins ensure to - (pharmacological management)

A

Offer-

• smoking cessations
• vaccinations
• pulmonary rehabilitation
• self management plan
• optimise treatment of co-morbidities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Inhaled therapies are for

A

Reliving breathlessness & exercise limitations

Patient must have satisfactory inhaler technique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Step 1

A

SABA - salbutamol

OR

SABA - ipatropium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Step 2 (for no asthmatic features or steroid need)

A

LABA - formoterol

+

LAMA - tiotropium

19
Q

Step 2 (for asthmatic features or need for steroids)

A

LABA - formoterol

+

ICS - Formoterol with budesonide (symbiont) - this is a combo of LABA + ICS

20
Q

Step 3

A

LABA + LAMA + ICS

21
Q

What options are included in add on therapy?

A

• oral corticosteroids
• theophylline
• oral mucolytic therapy (sputum)

22
Q

True or false

ICS should always be prescribed with LABA

A

True - LABA works best with ICS not alone

23
Q

Why does LABA have a prolonged relief affects

A

It is lipophilic and binds to beta 2 receptors for longer

24
Q

True or false SAMA stimulates parasympathetic aspect of ANS?

A

False they block it

SABA stimulates sympathetic system

LAMA + SAMA
Block parasympathetic CNS

25
Q

Antimicrobial prescribing in COPD

26
Q

Oral first line

A

• amoxicillin
• doxycycline
• clarythromycin

(Doses same as pneumonia)

27
Q

Oral for alternative

A

• co-amoxiclav
• co-trimoxazole

(Doses same as pneumonia)

28
Q

First line IV

A

• amoxicillin
• clarythromycin
• co-amoxiclav
• co-trimoxazole
• pipracillin + tazobactam

5 day treatment

(Doses same as pneumonia)

29
Q

Between emphysema and bronchitis, in which does loss of parenchymal lung texture.

30
Q

What is hypoxia cor pulmonary and symptoms

A

Right side HF

• cynosis
• SOB
• odema

31
Q

Between emphysema and bronchitis which has a productive cough

A

Bronchitis

32
Q

After using a bronchodilator FEV1 less than ____ confirms persistent air flow obstruction

33
Q

Stages of Spirmoert my 1-4 according to MRC

Dysphonia scoring system

A

1 - hurrying up or walking up a slight hill
2 - walks slower than people their age
3 - stops for a breath after walling 100m
4 - too dysphonic to leave the house or when getting changed

34
Q

In which patients, blue bloaters or pink puffers is oxygen used

How long
Concentration

A

Blue bloaters
• long term
• low concentration

35
Q

ADRS of oxygen at high conc

A

• drowsiness
• headache
• coma
• respiratory arrest

36
Q

ICS management is likely to be beneficial in those with an eosinophil count of ?

37
Q

Who can benefit from spacer devise

A

Elderly
Cognitive impairment

38
Q

The brand name of the dual inhaler (formoterol and budesonide)

39
Q

The brand name of the dual inhaler (formoterol and beclometasone)

40
Q

Brand name for LABA, LAMA & ICS combo

A

Trelegy epilepta

41
Q

Bran name for LABA and LAMA dua

A

Anoro ellipta

42
Q

Which class of drugs reduced inflammation

43
Q

Is it okay to use high conc of oxygen in UNCOMPLICATED cases of…

A

• pnumonia
• PE
• sepsis
• anyphlaxic

44
Q

How is the amount of blood in the oxygen measured

A

• pulse oximetry test
• blood sample from earlobe

401 - Content (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions