Cours 7 Flashcards
est ce que le sexe est un besoin physiologique
sur le plan individuel, le sexe nest pas un besoin physiologique
number 1 reason for engaging in sexual activity
being attracted to a person
attraction is closely related to what and why
- proximity bc mere-repeated-exposure effect
- physical attractiveness (especially undergraduates and male hetero)
- reciprocity (and some studien, some not, say that even more if uncertainty (if the other likes you) increases attraction bc we think more about the person
- Similarity: Homophily (“love of the same”) and assortitative mating (for partner)
- Menstrual-cycle effects: ie W prefer more masculine and symmetrical when most fertile and follicular (and M rate W more attractive when W most fertile+higher T when W follicular) *some research impcat of odour during
- opposites in terms of MHC genes (distinguish self from non-self factors) to avoid inbreeding and better immune system of offspring (similarty associated with decreased sexual responsiveness to partner, increased attraction to other men, more sexual partners outside)
Types of pick up lines preffered by men or women
both men and women seem to prefer innocuous (what you think of music) and direct lines (cn i buy u lunch) over cute-flippant ones (your place or mine); women, however, tend to dislike cute-flippant remarks and prefer innocuous remarks more than men do
*if men approach by women, positive responses regardless type (not like female)
+third party intro more effective
+ verbal approach more effective
+ clean jokes vs dirty
+ pick up lines more impo than physical if candidat for long term
EXTRA quest ce que l’intimité
level of commitment and positive affective, cognitive, and physical closeness one experiences with a partner in a reciprocal (although not necessarily symmetrical) relationship (not equivalent but mutual) and its a process
EXTRA 5 types d’intimité et exemples pour chq
Emotional: My partner listens to me when I need someone to talk to
Social: Having time together with friends is an important part of our shared activities
Sexual: Sexual expression is an essential part of our relationship
Intellectual: My partner helps me clarify my thoughts.
Recreational: We enjoy the same recreational activities
EXTRA intimité et théorie de l’attachement
- patterns dattachement a lenfance occur at similar rate in adulthood
- qd attachement sécure, plus de happiness and trust
2-d model of adult attachment by bartholomew
four styles of adult attachment that can be understood in terms of two underlying dimensions: the model of the self (how one views oneself) and the model of the other (how one views other people)
- secure (positive model of self and others)
- preoccupied (+other and -self): demanding, feel unworthy
- dismissing (+self and -other): distant, feel intimacy unimportant
- fearful (-self and - other): avoids intimacy
ordre plus commun: secure, preoccupied, fearful, dismissing
*positive view of themselves have an internalized sense of self-worth and expect others to react positively to them; *individuals who have a positive view of other people expect others to be supportive and available.
*A positive model of self is associated with being confident as opposed to anxious and dependent in relationships. *A positive model of others is associated with seeking out, rather than avoiding, intimacy.
EXTRA high or low on avoidance of intimacy and anxiety for each 4 attachment patterns
- secure individuals would be low in avoidance and anxiety,
- preoccupied individuals would be low in avoidance and high in anxiety,
- fearful individuals would be high on both dimensions, and
- dismissing individuals would be high in avoidance but low in anxiety
EXTRA T or F found that the same-sex/gender couples reported significantly less attachment-related anxiety and avoidance, as well as higher relationship satisfaction, in comparison to norms for heterosexual married couples and that attachment style was a significant predictor of relationship and sexual satisfaction (regardless of gender or sexual orientation)
true
anxious attachmnet is associated with what
anxious attachment was associated with an earlier age of first sexual intercourse, more lifetime partners, a higher rate of nonconsensual nonmonogamy (NCNM; see Chapters 1 and 14) within relationships, and recent use of condoms during sexual intercourse (and some found less likely). and desire greater relationship visibility
EXTRA which style of attachmnet were less satisfied
avoidantly-attached and the more anxiously-attached participants were less satisfied
EXTRA 3 différence hook up vs dating and why more and + or -
(1) hookup; drinking alcohol (e.g., at a bar or a party);
(2) hooking up is not indicative of emotional intimacy or commitment between the sex partners; and
(3) the encounter between the hook-up partners is typically short term, often lasting just one night
More bc changement societale ie plus ouvert, contraception, avant mariage ok
*reported more positive than negative emotional responses to hooking up (less women, especially anxious attachment)
Pk fait ont lamour
connexion emotionnelle, plaisir et desir
Aussi reproduction mais pas que car:
- Rapports sexuels hors des périodes fertiles
- Rapports sexuels entre espèces différentes (pas de résultats concrets)
- sexe oral
- pénétration anale
EXTRA
- Amour; 5e raison W and 8e M
EXTRA définition de lamour
people do not have formal definitions of love but instead consider certain features characteristic of love (undergraduate students rate sexual attraction/desire as a central feature of romantic love)
EXTRA love depending on indovidualist of collectivist
- individualist societies generally emphasize passionate love as a basis for marriage more than do collectivist societies;
- arranged marriages are more common in collectivist cultures and are the norm for about half of the world’s population *love based on frienships, more altruistic view of love *tend to become more individualism for marriage
But also similarities: passionnate love is universal, + dependability, emotional stability, intelligence, kindness and understanding, and mutual attraction/love as highly desirable
EXTRA 2 types damour
Passionate love: A state of intense longing for union with another; it is behavioral, cognitive and emotional and even physiological +analgesic effects
Companionate love: Affection and tenderness felt for someone with whom one’s life is deeply connected. based on friendship and is comfy+trusting
EXTRA the brain when in love
increased activity in dopamine-rich reward and motivation systems of the brain (e.g., the caudate nucleus) and decreased activity in brain areas involved in social judgment and emotions such as fear and grief (e.g., the amygdala)
*passionnate love deactivates critical assessment and negative emotion
*and similar for all sexes, oreintation, culture…
*can predcit relationship endures (brain activity in areas involved with reward, emotion reg and social judgement)
EXTRA 3 theories of love
(1) the duplex theory of love; It integrates two previously separate theories:
- the triangular theory of love: intimacy (connection), passion (physical) and commitment *triangles that macth more=more satisfied *8 types of love: liking, infatuation, empty, romantic, compationate, fatuous, consummate, nonlove
*intimacy decrease and commitment increase
- the theory of love as a story: exposed to stories of what love is andeventually dev. our own (more satisfied if similarity stories) *26 specific love stories (more pop: travel, gardening, democratic, history) and less: horror, collector, autocratic, game) *people can have multiple but not positive=more satisf
(2) the theory of love styles; ix major ways of loving or orienting to love, called love styles: eros (more romantic and sexual satisf, more love), storge (friendship), ludus (game, no negative effect in collectivist), pragma (practical), mania (possessive), and agape (altruistic, more love) *can change with diff partneners
(3) the two-factor theory: passionate love arises when two conditions are met: (1) intense physiological arousal is experienced by an individual; and (2) situational cues but maybe misattribution of arousal
EXTRA objectum sexuality
Emotional and physical attraction to and love for an object or objects.
EXTRA does attraction, intimacy and love change over time, and how to keep roamnce alive
some studies say yes ie habituation and some no
being adventurous (e.g., going to new places), playful (e.g., joking with each other), sexual together (e.g., trying new sexual positions), and spontaneous (e.g., surprising each other with gifts). Participants also reported good communication and shared activities with their partner, as well as autonomy
EXTRA optimal sexuality
Having sexual experiences that are (subjectively) extraordinary.
- sexual and erotic intimacy associated with great sex appeared to be characterized by mutual respect, caring, acceptance, admiration, and trust of one’s partner.
- Attraction/chemistry/desire/lust was also identified as a minor, less frequently emphasized component of optimal sexuality.
*majo not consider orgasm
EXTRA explcation jalousie et 2 types and who most
jealousy is a response that evolved to protect valued relationships and helps to ensure reproductive success and certainty sont le pere
*men should be more jealous and upset about sexual NCNM in their relationship bc not dad and that women should be more jealous and upset about emotional NCNM bc lose investment but some say just context-dependant but influenced by attachment style and even bio explanation
women may spend more time on their partner’s Facebook page when feeling more jealous (but men reported more jealousy when seeing a Facebook photo of a partner and mutual friend)
EXTRA netiquette and cyber sex associated with what
Rules outlining acceptable and unacceptable Internet activities
*for some people, involvement in a virtual relationship may lead to problems with real-life partnerships.
- strong negative emotions, including a sense of betrayal, rage, and devastation; feelings of sexual inadequacy; and sexual problems such as loss of desire in the couple relationship. As well, approximately 22 per cent reported that cybersex was a major contributor to divorce
EXTRA non consensual monogamy: consequneces, why
increases the risk for relationship dissolution and divorce, suffering from major depression and distressing emotions (more same-sex)
- for happiness and sexual satisfaction
- for women: bc relationship satsifaction and personnality
- for men: perosnnality
sexe chez les naimaux, pk?
Même chez les animaux, les rapports sexuels ne sont pas seulement là pour la reproduction
*Cohésion sociales, règle de dominance, économie locale (primates)
