Cortical Motor Control Flashcards
Vestibulospinal
Stabilising head during body movement.
Coordinate head with eye movement
Reticulospinal
Changes muscle tone in voluntary movement
Tectospinal
Orientation of head and neck during eye movement
Rubrospinal
Mainly taken over by corticospinal tract
What is motor neurone disease
Progressive neurodegenerative disorder of motor system
Aka amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
upper and lower motor neurone signs
What is apraxia
Disorder of skilled movement
Lesion in premotor cortex and SMA
Cause- dementia and stroke
Caudate nucleus function
Decision to move
What is lentiform
Putamen and external globus pallidus
What is caudate and putamen
Striatum
Function of lentiform and striatum
Elaborating associated movement like swinging arms when walking
Function of substantia nigra (midbrain)
Suppressing unwanted movement
What part of basal ganglia help perform movements in order
Ventral pallidum, nucleus basalis
Parkinson’s symptoms
Bradykinesia
Hypomimia
Akinesia
Rigidity
Pill-rolling tremor
Parkinson’s disease definition
Degeneration of dopaminergic neuron that originates in substantia nigra and projects to striatum
Bradykinesia
Slow movement
Hypomimic
Expressionless
Akinesia
Difficult initiating movement
Huntington’s disease definition
Degreneration of GABAergic neurons in striatum, caudate and then putamen
Huntington’s disease symptoms
Choreic movement,
Jerky involuntary movement,
Speech impairment,
Difficulty swallowing,
Unsteady gait,
Later stages- dementia
Ballism
Usually from stroke affecting subthalamic nucleus, sudden uncontrolled flinging contralaterally
Cerebellum function
Coordinate and predictor of movement
Main signs of cerebellar dysfunction (apparent only on movement)
Ataxia
Dysmetria
Intention tremor
Dysdiadochokinesia
Scanning speech
Ataxia
Impair movement coordination and accuracy,
Wide base (drunken) gait
Dysmetria
Inappropriate force and distance for movement
Intention tremor
Tremor worsen before reaching target
Dysdiadochokinesia
Inability to perform rapid alternating movement
Vestibulocerebellum
Posture, equilibrium, gait
Coordination of head movement with eye movement.
Damage(tumor) here cause syndrome similar to vestibular disease -gait ataxia + tendency to fall
Spinocerebellum
Speech, muscle tone, limb movement
Damage here(degeneration/atrophy from alcohol)
Abnormal gait and wide stance
Cerebrocerebellum
Skilled movements, cognitive function, attention, processing language, emotional control
Damage here affects arm, skilled movement (tremor and speech)
what can you do to make the reflex larger and the name of this manoeuvre
clenching teeth, making fist, pulling against locked fingers
jendrassik manoeuvre
