correlations Flashcards

1
Q

correlation

A
  • a mathematical technique in which a researcher investigates an association between two variables (co-variables).
  • plotted on scattergram.
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2
Q

co-variables

A

the variables investigated within a correlation

an association is shown between these rather than a cause and effect relationship

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3
Q

positive correlation

A

when one co-variable increases, so does the other

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4
Q

negative correlation

A

when one co-variable increases, the other decreases

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5
Q

zero correlation

A

when there is no relationship between the co-variables

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6
Q

difference between correlations and experiments

A

experiment- researcher manipulated IV to measure effect on DV. as a result of this deliberate change in one variable it can be inferred that IV caused observed changes in DV.

correlation- no manipulation of one variable. not possible to establish cause and effect. intervening variables may be at play.

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7
Q

strengths

A
  • useful preliminary research tool. provide precise and quantifiable measure of how two variables are related (as they assess strength and direction of relationship). may suggest ideas for future research.
  • relatively quick and economical. no need for controlled environment/manipulation of variables. secondary data can be used.
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8
Q

limitations

A
  • lack of experimental manipulation/control. can only tell us how variables related, not why. cannot make conclusions on cause and effect.
  • third variable problem. intervening variable may be causing relationship between two co-variables.
  • correlations can be misused/misinterpreted.
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