core sociocultural - individual & group Flashcards
who introduced social identity theory?
tajfel and turner (1971)
what are the four components of sit?
1) social categorisation
2) social identification
3) social comparison
4) positive distinctiveness
what is social categorisation?
the process where we identify which groups we belong to and which we don’t
groups we belong to = in groups
groups we don’t belong to = out groups
what is social identification?
adopting the norms of the group & taking on their characteristics
what is social comparison?
justifying our group membership
what is positive distinctiveness?
positively comparing our in-group to an out-group - favouring traits of our in-group even if we didn’t choose to be a part of it
what studies go with the sit questions?
hilliard and liben (2010) & drury et al (2009)
what is social cognitive theory?
social learning theory +self efficacy
introduced by bandura
we learn through observing others within the context of social interactions and through digital media
what are the four steps to sct?
1) attention
2) retention
3) reproduction
4) motivation
what happens during attention?
the person should pay attention to the modelled behaviour
what happens during retention?
the person should remember details of the behaviour in order to learn and reproduce
what happens during reproduction?
the opportunity to reproduce should be available
what studies go with the sct question?
bandura (1961) & joy, kimball and zabrack (1986)
what are stereotypes?
schemas that help us understand the world that can either be positive or negative
they are often acquired indirectly from social norms amnd not personal opinions
they are prone to confirmation bias
what are the effects of stereotypes?
1) memory distortion
2) stereotype threat
3) illusory correlation
