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Neurology > Cord compression > Flashcards

Cord compression Flashcards

1
Q

where does the cord end

A

L1

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2
Q

causes of Cord compression - 7

A 
trauma
infection
inflammation
metasis
vascular
prolapse disc
heamatomas
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3
Q

UMN is located…

A

above T8

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4
Q

4 tracts that can be compressed

A
  1. corticospinal
  2. dorsal column
  3. spinothalamic
  4. lateral columns
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5
Q

corticospinal

  • function
  • features if affected
A

MOTOR
weakness, unsteady, stiff, walking
increase in tone and reflexes

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6
Q

dorsal column

  • function
  • features if affected
A

SENSORY
ataxia, clumsiness
loss of vibration sense

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7
Q

spinothalamic

  • function
  • features
A

SENSORY

- loss of cutaneous sensation/pain/temp

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8
Q

lateral column

-feature

A

sphincter disturbances mean abnormalities

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9
Q

cord compression categories - 5

A
  1. total
  2. hemi (brown sequard)
  3. central lesion
  4. dorsal lesion
  5. anterior cord syndrome
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10
Q

Cord compression symptoms - 3

A

muscle fatigue
abnormal gait
diaphragm paralysis - ventilation

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11
Q

reflexes function -
below injury
at injury
above injury

A

below injury - increased
at injury - absent
above injury - normal

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12
Q

8 red flags of cord compression

A
  1. insidious progression
  2. gait change, clumsy, weakness
  3. loss of bladder/bowel/sexual function
  4. UMN in lower limbs
  5. LMN in upper limbs
  6. sensory changes
  7. trauma
  8. focal neuro defects
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13
Q

UMN symptoms in lower limbs - 2

A

babinski - up going plantar

hyperflexion

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14
Q

LMN in upper limbs - 2

A

atrophy

hyporeflexia

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15
Q

Cord compression tests - 4

A

all bloods
CXR
spinal x ray
MRI

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16
Q

why do a CXR

A

exclude mets

17
Q

management of Cord compression - 6

A 
ABCDE
spine and neck immobilization
if inflam or mets - IV dexamethsome
analgesia
radiotherapy
PT
18
Q

2 types of paralysis

A

spastic

flaccids

19
Q

spastic paralysis features - 4

A

UMN
clonus
+ve babinski
no atrophy

20
Q

spastic paralysis features:
compressive
non ocompressive

A

compressive - traumatic

non compressive - spine is stable

21
Q

reasons for non compressive - 4

A 
from B12 deficiency
acute
myelitis
MS
MND
22
Q

flaccid paralysis features - 4

A

LMN
atrophy
hypotonia
hyporeflexia

23
Q

flaccid paralysis cause - 2

A

anterior horn polymyelitis, myopathy

24
Q

flaccid parapareresis

  • what it is
  • causes
A

compression/inflam of lower spine

causes: hypo/hyper kalaemic paralysis

25
Q

spastic parapareresis

  • what it is
  • where
  • causes
A

compression/inflammation/demyelination
C4-T8
causes: tumours causing compression, MS, syringomyelias

Neurology (23 decks)

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