Controlling Blood Sugar Levels B3

Question 1

Describe the process of glucose being removed from the blood.

Answer 1

When the blood glucose concentration is too high, the pancreas releases insulin which causes the liver to turn excess glucose into glycogen and store it. Glucose is then removed from the blood and the blood glucose concentration returns to normal.

Question 2

Describe the process which happens when the blood glucose concentration in the body is too low.

Answer 2

If the blood glucose concentration is too low, the pancreas releases glucagon. Insoluble from the liver is converted into glucose which is released into the blood and the blood glucose concentration returns to normal.

Question 3

What effect does insulin have on the body?

Answer 3

Insulin causes glucose to be converted into glycogen so that it can be stored in the liver and taken out of the blood so that the body environment is kept constant.

Question 4

Define the term ‘homeostasis’

Answer 4

Homeostasis is keeping the internal body environment constant.

Question 5

State 3 differences between diabetes type 1 and 2

Answer 5

Type 1 is where the pancreas does not produce insulin, it is less common and often develops suddenly at a young age. Type 2 is where not enough insulin is produced or cells are not affected by insulin, it is more common and develops gradually often in people over 40 who may be overweight.

Question 6

State a characteristic of diabetes type 1.

Answer 6

Diabetes type 1 is where the pancreas produces little to no insulin and happens in young people.

Question 7

State a characteristic of diabetes type 2.

Answer 7

Diabetes type 2 is where the body is not affected by insulin and often occurs in older and obese people.