Control of breathing Flashcards
Where is the respiratory centre found?
Medulla oblongata
Which group controls inspiration and which expiration?
Inspiration - Dorsal respiratory group
Expiration - Ventral respiratory group
What is the function of the Pneumotaxic centre?
Controls rate and depth of inspiration
What is the function of the Apneustic centre?
Modulates breathing cycle
Where are the DRG neurones located?
Nucleus Tractus Solitarius
What type of innervation is DRG?
Sensory terminal from Vagus and Glossopharyngeal
What is the signalling pattern of DRG?
2 seconds on, 3 seconds off
Where is the VRG located?
Lateral and anterior to both DRG in the nucleus ambiguus and neucleus retroambiguus
What is the role of VRG?
active breathing
inactive in standard breathing cycle
What can basic rhythm be modified by?
Cerebral cortex
Hypothalamus & limbic system
Receptors - Baro, Thermo and mechano
What causes the Cerebral cortex modify respiration?
Voluntary changes in breathing patterns can be overridden by increased [H+] or [CO2]
What causes the Hypothalamus & limbic system modify respiration?
Emotional changes
What is the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex?
Prevents overinflation of lungs
How do the peripheral chemoreceptors function?
Negative feedback loops via type 1 glomus cells
Carotid bodies - Glossopharyngeal
Aortic bodies - Vagus
Most sensitive to decreased PaO2
How do the central chemoreceptors function?
Located in the medulla
Sensitive to PaCO2 and pH
Illicit 80% of ventilatory changes
