Contemporary studies

Question 1

What is deviance?

Answer 1

Unnacceptable behaviour within a culture

Question 2

What is ethics?

Answer 2

Rules that dictate an individuals conduct

Question 3

What are 4 illegal Performance enhancing drugs

Answer 3

• Anabloic steroids
• Blood doping
• Stimulants
• Beta blockers

Question 4

What are anabolic steroids (Sport it may be used for)

Answer 4

Increase muscle mass and strength. (weightlifting)

Question 5

What is blood doping (Sport it may be used for)

Answer 5

The injection of oxygenated blood into an athlete before an event. Increases aerobic capacity. (Cycling)

Question 6

What are Stimulants (Sport it may be used for)

Answer 6

Directly affect the central nervous system. Work to speed up parts of the brain and body. (100m sprinter)

Question 7

What are Beta Blokcers (Sport it may be used for)

Answer 7

Slow your heart rate. Ensure that you are calm. (Archery)

Question 8

Why may a performer use performance enhancing drugs?

Answer 8

• Win at all costs mentality
• Pressure to succed for financial reward
• Improve physical condition to gain advantage
• Media pressure

Question 9

Consequences/implications to society (PED’s)

Answer 9

• Creates negative role models

- Undermines value to society as part of a healthy lifestyle

Question 10

Consequences/implications to sport (PED’s)

Answer 10

• Loss of public support
• Damage reputation of sport
• Concept of fair play is lost

Question 11

Consequences/implications to performers (PED’s)

Answer 11

• Loss of sponsorship
• Loss of cerdibility
• Damage their reputation, loss of respect

Question 12

Consequences of using drugs in sport

Answer 12

• Disqualification
• Poor role modelling
• False results or records
• Danger to body or health
• Accusations that clean athletes are cheats

Question 13

Strategies to stop the use of illegal drugs and doping

Answer 13

• World anti doping agency (WADA)
• Drug testing carried out in and out of season
• Punishments for drugs (bans)

Question 14

Why have sports been unable to stop the use of PED’s?

Answer 14

• Win at all costs attitude remains
• Some see sanctions as to lenient
• Athletes believe others are using them and want to level the playing field
• Athletes can miss 2 tests without punishment

Question 15

Why are spectators violent at sports events?

Answer 15

• Alcohol/social drugs
• Frustration (frustration with result or performance of team)
• Importance of event. eg. derby day
• Ritual (hooliganism)

Question 16

Why are players violent during sports events?

Answer 16

• Anger/Frustration: with result or match officials
• Rivalry: local derby
• Cheating or rulebreaking: Diving or bad tackle
• Importance of result:pressure to win. eg. world cup final

Question 17

Implications to society (violence)

Answer 17

• Sports performers are role models so violence in elite sport may be copied
• Violent behaviour by performers can lead to violence amongst spectators
• Violence in sport can put parents off letting their children participate

Question 18

Define match fixing

Answer 18

When a sports comptetition is played to a completely or partly pre-determined result

Question 19

An example of when match fixing has happened

Answer 19

Hansie Cronje in cricket

Question 20

Why is gambling becoming such a problem in modern day sport?

Answer 20

• Deviance: Increased liklehood of match fixing
• Access: Access to online betting makes it easier to get involved
• Society: Can lead to addiction or debt
• Illegality: Rise in illegal betting

Question 21

Define Spot fixing

Answer 21

When a specific aspect of a sport competition is illegally pre-determined

Question 22

Define Bribery

Answer 22

The act of giving or recieving something of value in exchange for some kind of influence or action in return