Connective Tissues and Arthrology

Question 1

where does connective tissue come form

Answer 1

mesoderm

Question 2

connective tissue is composed of

Answer 2

fibrous proteins
ground substance
cells

Question 3

fibrous proteins

Answer 3

collage (type 1and2)
elastin

Question 4

ground substance

Answer 4

glycosaminoglycans (gags)
water
solutes

Question 5

cells

Answer 5

fibroblasts
chondrocytes
osteocytes

Question 6

fibrous protein is made up of

Answer 6

collagen and elastin

Question 7

collagen

Answer 7

prevalent
triple helix
stiff

Question 8

elastin

Answer 8

net like
1000x more flexible
resilient

Question 9

two types of collagen

Answer 9

type 1 and 2

Question 10

type 1 of collagen

Answer 10

thick, rugged fibers
minimal elongation when stretched
ex: ligaments, tendons, fascia, joint caps

Question 11

type 2 of collagen

Answer 11

thinner fibers
framework (maintains shape/structure)
ex: hyaline cartilage (type 2 - elastin)
main articulator in cartilage

Question 12

type 1 is design to

Answer 12

be better under tensile stress, making it more effective in tissues like tendons and ligaments

Question 13

type 2 is to maintain

Answer 13

its structure and shape better under all types of forces (compression, shear, tension) making it more effective in loading bearing tissues, like cartilage

Question 14

Ground substance

Answer 14

Glycosoaminoglycans (GAGs)
Water
solutes

Question 15

importance of GAGs is to

Answer 15

attract water and repel each other (negative charge)

Question 16

importance of negative charge?

Answer 16

repulsion makes them spread apart (increased volume/structure)
hydrophilic - brings in water

Question 17

cells

Answer 17

fibroblasts (synthesize matrix)
mature cells (maintain/repari matrix)

Question 18

fibroblasts

Answer 18

found in all connect tissues (tendon, ligament, bone)
-chondroblasts
-osteoblast
-tenoblasts
synthesize ground substance and fibrous proteins (type 1 collagen) unique to that tissue
- chondrocytes
- osteocytes
-tenocytes

Question 19

true or false: Fibroblasts mature and become embedded in their own matrix, becoming chondrocytes, osteocytes, etc. These mature cells are crucial to the healing process as they maintain and repair the ground substance.

Answer 19

true

Question 20

important types of connective tissue

Answer 20

dense Ct
articular cartilage
fibrocartilage

Question 21

archeology

Answer 21

study of the classification, structure, and function of joints

Question 22

a joint or articulation is a ___point between bones. balance between ___and___.

Answer 22

pivot
stability and mobility

Question 23

more mobile = ____ stable and ____ mobile = more stable

Answer 23

less stable and less mobile

Question 24

two major types of joint classification

Answer 24

diathesis
synarthrosis

Question 25

diarthrosis

Answer 25

built for motion
synovial joints
example: glenohumeral joint

Question 26

synarthrosis

Answer 26

little/no motion
fibrous
cartilaginous
- symphysis (fibrocartilage)
- synchondrosis (hyaline cartilage)

Question 27

symphysis is a

Answer 27

fibrocartilaginous synarthrosis (all are permanent)

Question 28

synchondrosis is a

Answer 28

hyaline cartilaginous synarthrosis (some are permanent, some are temporary, as in an immature skeleton)

Question 29

diarthodial (synovial) joints must have (7)
AJ Sit Still, Lets Be Silent

Answer 29

Articular cartilage
Joint capsules
Synovial membrane
Synovial Fluid
Ligament
Blood Vessels
Sensory Nerves

Question 30

diarthrodial joints may have

Answer 30

intra articular disc
meniscus
labrum
fat pads
bursae
synovial place

Question 31

articular cartilage

Answer 31

high type two , higher elastin than dense CT, high proteoglycan content
absorbs joint forces and reduces friction

Question 32

fibrocartilage

Answer 32

high type 1 , higher elastin than dense Ct, moderate proteoglycan content
stabilizes joints, dissipates loads, guides arthrokinematics