Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

711 Kinesiology > Biomechanical principles > Flashcards

Biomechanical principles Flashcards

1
Q

Newton’s laws

A

First law - law of inertia
second law - law of acceleration
third law- law of action - reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

law of inertia

A
  • inertia - disinclination to change direction or speed
  • remains at rest unless acted upon - resists change in motion (wants to stay in equilibrium)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

law of acceleration

A
  • acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of the body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

law of acceleration equation

A

F= ma and a= F/m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

law of action - reaction

A

always an equal and opposite reaction to any reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

increase of force results an increase of

A

acceleration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

increase of mass results an decrease of

A

acceleration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

linear

A

inertia: energy required to alter linear velocity
- directly proportional to its mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

inertia

A

resistance to change in linear velocity ( a force is required to start, stop, slow, speed up, or alter direction of linear motion)
- measured by amount of energy required to change linear velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Angular

A

mass moment of inertia (I)
- energy required to alter angular velocity
- depends on mass and mass distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

mass moment of inertia

A

resistance to change in angular velocity ( a torque is required to start, stop, slow down, speed up, or alter rotational motion)
- decrease moment arm = increase speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

balance

A

Center of Mass (COM) = center of gravity (COG)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

COM

A

point about which body’s mass is evenly distributed (average location of mass distribution)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

COG

A

point about which effects of gravity are completely balanced (the point about which the net torque due to gravity is zero)
- vertical projection of COM to the ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

true or false: as the mass changes its distribution, mass moments of inertia changes

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

true or false: as the mass moment of inertia increases, it chases faster rotation

A

false: slower rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

true or false: to stay upright, we have to keep our COG within out Base of support (BOS)

A

true

18
Q

BOS

A

is the footprint of all paths of the body in contact with the ground

19
Q

how do we prevent falls?

A

control the inertia and BOS
- AD widens the BOS (easier to keep COG within it)
- stepping strategy

20
Q

true or false: a mass closer to the ground makes it more difficult for an external force to change the mass moment of inertia

A

true: shorter moment arm for the force action on the COM

21
Q

suspension strategy

A

bringing COM closer to the ground

22
Q

Linear acceleration equation

A

f = ma
a = F/m

23
Q

angular acceleration equation

A

T= Ia
a= T/I

24
Q

linear acceleartion

A

a body is directly proportional to the force (F) causing it inversely proportional to its mass (m), and it occurs in same direction as the force causing it

25
Q

angular acceleration

A

directly proportional to the torque causing it (T), and inversely proportional to the mass moment of inertia (I). occurs in same rotatory direction as the torque causing it

26
Q

true or false: torque is independent on moment arm and force

A

false: torque is dependent on moment arm and force

27
Q

Troque equation

A

T = F x MA (moment arm)

28
Q

another equation for torque

A

T = I x angular acceleration (alpha symbol)

29
Q

true or false: increasing the force or the MA will increase the energy required to accelerate the leg (increase mass moment of inertia)

A

true

30
Q

mommentum

A

quantity of motion possessed by a body

31
Q

impulse

A

a force applied over a period of time

32
Q

Impulse/momentum relationship equation

A

F x t = m x Change in velocity

33
Q

F x t = m x Change in velocity same as

A

T x t = I x change in angular velocity

34
Q

applying force slowly = time increases =

A

effect of body decrease

35
Q

work

A

change in kinetic energy caused by a force applied over a given displacement

36
Q

work equaation

A

w = F x d
work = force times distance

37
Q

power

A

amount of work done over a g given duration

38
Q

power equation

A

P = W / t
power = weight over time

39
Q

to increase rate of work (power), you must

A

decrease time or increase work

40
Q

3rd law of again and reaction

A

opposite and equal reaction
- GRF
- joint reaction forces
-single impact vs cumulative impact (stress factor)

711 Kinesiology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions