Connective Tissue, Olinger

Question 1

Embryological connective tissue

Answer 1

present as “wharton’s jelly” in umbilical cord

pulp of developing teeth

Question 2

Histologically distinguishing markers of embryonic CT

Answer 2

rich undifferentiated mesenchymal cells

SOME but not much collagen or reticular fibers

Question 3

Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells differentiate into

Answer 3

amy blood or connective tissue cell

Question 4

Loose (areolar) connective tissue

Answer 4

Adult connective tissue

found in mucosa/submucosa of various organs, surrounding blood vessels, nerves and muscles

Question 5

Tunical Adventitia

Answer 5

made up of loose connective tissue

Question 6

Loose (areolar) connective tissue composition

Answer 6

collagen fibers, elastic fibers, mast cells, ground substance

Question 7

Dense Regular connective tissue is found in

Answer 7

tendons, ligaments, cornea and fascia

Question 8

Dense regular CT consists of……

Answer 8

regularly oriented parallel bundles of collagen fibers
separated by linear rows of fibrocytes

the nuclei of the fibrocytes appear linear and the cytoplasm is very difficult to see

Question 9

Dense irregular connective tissue is found in the…..

Answer 9

dermis layer of the skin and submucosa of the GI tract

Question 10

Dense irregular connective tissue contains

Answer 10

course thick, intertwined bundles of collagen fibers arranged irregularly

fibroblasts are sparsely separated: fibroblasts are sparse separated by collagen

Question 11

two kinds of dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 11

reticular connective tissue and elastic connective tissue

Question 12

reticular connective tissue

Answer 12

characterized by abundance of reticular fibers

Question 13

reticular fibers are produced by

Answer 13

fibroblasts, recticulocytes

Question 14

Elastic connective tissue

Answer 14

characterized by an abundance of elastic fibers

elastic fibers of blood vessels are produced by smooth muscle cells

Question 15

what do elastic fibers form around a lumen

Answer 15

discontinuous lamellae

elastic fibers are produced by smooth muscle cells

Question 16

where are elastic connective tissues typically found?

Answer 16

in walls of large blood vessels and ligaments

Question 17

White fat

Answer 17

“special connective tissue”

made up of unilocular adipocytes
acts as a reserve of long term energy

Question 18

Brown fat

Answer 18

special connective tissue

serves primarily to dissipate energy

made up of multiocular adipocytes

Question 19

between white and brown fat cells, which has the single largest inclusion that pushes the nucleus to an eccentric position

Answer 19

white fat

Question 20

what makes brown fat brown?

Answer 20

high density of mitochondria and lipid deposits

Question 21

what is an adipocyte exactly?

another name for them.

Answer 21

a modified fibroblast. stores lipid in its single unilocular vacuole

sometimes called “signet rings” based on resemblance to a ring

Question 22

how many adipocytes do fat people have compared to skinny people

Answer 22

the same, it’s the amount stored in them

Question 23

Cellular make up of connective tissue

Answer 23

fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, plasma cells

Question 24

Fibroblasts: description (3)

Answer 24

spindle shaped cell + oval nucleus

cytoplasm does not show up

Question 25

Type I collagen

Answer 25

bone, dentin, tendon

Question 26

Type II collagen

Answer 26

Hyaline and elastic cartilage

Question 27

Type III collagen

Answer 27

in the reticular lamina of basement membranes

Question 28

Type IV collagen

Answer 28

non fibrillous, basement membranes

does not form bundles

Question 29

Type V collagen

Answer 29

Umbilicus, chorion, muscle and tendon sheaths

Question 30

Elastic fibers are produced by ____ in skin and tendons, _____ in elastic cartilage, ___ in blood vessels and respiratory tract

Answer 30

1) fibroblasts
2) chondroblasts
3) smooth muscle cells

Question 31

Elastic fibers are made from

Answer 31

elastin and fibrillin

Question 32

Elastic fibers typically stain

Answer 32

dark blue or black

Question 33

Mast cells exist as either _____ or as _______

Answer 33

mucosal mast cells in the intestine and lung, or connective tissue mast cells

Question 34

Plasma cells have a _______ looking nucleus based on the the

Answer 34

cartwheel looking nucleus bsed on the distribution of heterochromatin

Question 35

which cell has a well developed rER, Golgi, and nucleolus?

Answer 35

plasma cells

Question 36

ECM: components

Answer 36

proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, water, aggregates, hyaluron, and adhesive proteins

Question 37

adhesive proteins in the ECM

Answer 37

laminin, fibronectin, integrins