Anterior and Medial Thigh Lecture

Question 1

Lateral cutaneous branch of subcostal n.

Answer 1

T12 dermatome map area 1 on leg

Question 2

Sciatic Nerve and it’s two branches

Answer 2

SN: L4-S3

• Tibial Nerve L4-S3
• Common fibular nerve L4-S2

Question 3

Patellar Reflex

Answer 3

tests function of the femoral nerve and spinal cord segments L2-L4

Question 4

Westphal’s sign

Answer 4

problems with femoral nerve and spinal roots L2-L4: failure of reflex in patellar tendon

Question 5

Calcaneal Tendon Reflex

Answer 5

Tendon reflex tests S1 and S2 nerve roots

if nerve root is cut or compressed, ankle reflex is virtually absent

Question 6

L2, L3, L4 —> what reflex, what problem

S1 and S2 —> what reflex, what problem

Answer 6

L2,3,4 = Patellar tendon test, problems here are Wesphal’s sign

S1 and S2 = calcaneal tendon reflex

Question 7

What reflex would be diminished in a pinched nerve between S1 and S2?

Answer 7

ankle reflex

Question 8

Muscles of the anterior thigh

Answer 8

Iliopsoas
Pectineus
Sartoris
Quadricepts femoris

Question 9

Iliopsoas m

Answer 9

chief flexor of the thigh

consists of iliacus (femoral nerve)
psoas major (L1-L3) ventral rami
psoas minor (L1-L2) ventral rami

Question 10

Psoas major

Answer 10

L1-L3 ventral rami

Question 11

Psoas minor

Answer 11

L1-L2 ventral rami

Question 12

Iliacus

Answer 12

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Question 13

What is the insertion point for the iliopsoas?

Answer 13

under the trochanter of the neck of the femur

Question 14

Sartorius m.

Answer 14

longest muscle in the body

most superficial

femoral nerve

flex, abducts, laterally rotates thigh

flexes hip

(ASIS – pes anserinus) on medial aspect of tibia with semitendinosus and gracilis

Question 15

Pes Anserinus

Answer 15

common insertion for three muscles innervated by three separate nerves

sartorius tendon

gracilis tendon

semitendinosus tendon

Question 16

Quadriceps femoris

Answer 16

CHIEF EXTENSOR of the leg

consists of vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialus, rectus femoris

femoral nerve

functions: vasti extend leg, rectus extend leg and flexes thigh

Question 17

Vasti ____ leg; rectus _____

Answer 17

Vasti extend leg

rectus extend leg and flex thigh

Question 18

Anterior to posterior (front to back) what order is pes anserinus

Answer 18

Sartorius tendon – Gracilis — Semitendinosus

Question 19

quadraceps femoris is the

Answer 19

great extensor of the thigh

quadracepts tendon insets on tibial tuberosity

Question 20

vastus lateralis origin – insertion

Answer 20

greater trochanter —> tibial tuberosity

Question 21

vastus medialis origin – insertion

Answer 21

intertrochanteric line –> tibial tuberosity

Question 22

vastus intermedius origin – insertion

Answer 22

anterior/inferior aspects of femur itself, but contributes to the tibial insertion as well

Question 23

Tendons of all four muscles of quadriceps femoris —>

Answer 23

continues inferiorly as patellar ligament

Question 24

Functions of quadricep femoris

Answer 24

chief extensor of thigh, rectus also flexes thigh

Question 25

which is the only quadricep muscle that does not have its origins on the femur?

Answer 25

rectus femoris, origin on anterior inferior iliac spine

Question 26

Medial Thigh Muscles are (kind of motion they control)

Answer 26

adductors: superficially

Question 27

SUPERFICIAL Medial thigh muscles include

Answer 27

Pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis

Question 28

DEEP medial thigh muscles include

Answer 28

Obturator externus, adductor magnus (adductor portion), adductor magnus (hamstring portion)

Question 29

insertions/origins of adductor magnus

Answer 29

origin: ischiopubic ramus insertions: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, adductor tubercle (insertion)

Question 30

Pectineus m.: attachments, innervation, function

Answer 30

``` Pectin line of pubis (origin) pectineal line (insertion), and just inferior to lesser trochanter ``` innervation: femoral nerve. occasionally obturator functions: ADDUCT and FLEX thigh

Question 31

Adductor longus m.: attachments, innervation, function

Answer 31

body of pubis (inferior to pubic crest), middle 1/3 of linea aspera innervation obturator nerve (L2-L4) function: adducts and flexes thigh

Question 32

Gracilis muscle: attachments, innervation, function

Answer 32

long strap like muscle. ONLY ADDUCTOR TO CROSS KNEE attachments: pubis body, and inferior ramus superior part of medial surface of tibia (part of pes anserinus) obturator nerve functions: adducts thigh, flex and medially rotates leg

Question 33

adductor brevis m.

Answer 33

lies deep to pectineus and adductor longus attachments: pubis body and inferior ramus AND proximal linea aspera innervated: obturator nerve functions: adducts and flexes thigh

Question 34

Groin pull

Answer 34

junction between trunk and thigh has been pulled strain/stretching, probably some rearing of the proximal attachments of thich adductor/flexor muscles

Question 35

Obturator externus

Answer 35

deep to pectineus attachments: external margins of obturator foramen trochanteric fossa innervation: obturator nerve

Question 36

Adductor Magnus: where, size, composition

Answer 36

Adductor part origin: ischiopubic ramus Hamstring part origin: Ischial tuberosity Largest adductor, deep to adductor brevis has a hamstring and an adductor portion

Question 37

Adductor magnus: hamstring portion

Answer 37

origin on ischial tuberosity | distally: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera

Question 38

Medial compartment muscles: function/innervation

Answer 38

adduction and obturator nerve

Question 39

Anterior compartment muscles: function/innervation

Answer 39

femoral nerve, extension

Question 40

Posterior compartment muscles: function/innervation

Answer 40

Flexion, Sciatic nerve

Question 41

Hilton's Law

Answer 41

a joint is innervated by the very same nerves that supply the muscle that move the joint and supply the skin over the joint