Anterior and Medial Thigh Lecture Flashcards
Lateral cutaneous branch of subcostal n.
T12 dermatome map area 1 on leg
Sciatic Nerve and it’s two branches
SN: L4-S3
- Tibial Nerve L4-S3
- Common fibular nerve L4-S2
Patellar Reflex
tests function of the femoral nerve and spinal cord segments L2-L4
Westphal’s sign
problems with femoral nerve and spinal roots L2-L4: failure of reflex in patellar tendon
Calcaneal Tendon Reflex
Tendon reflex tests S1 and S2 nerve roots
if nerve root is cut or compressed, ankle reflex is virtually absent
L2, L3, L4 —> what reflex, what problem
S1 and S2 —> what reflex, what problem
L2,3,4 = Patellar tendon test, problems here are Wesphal’s sign
S1 and S2 = calcaneal tendon reflex
What reflex would be diminished in a pinched nerve between S1 and S2?
ankle reflex
Muscles of the anterior thigh
Iliopsoas
Pectineus
Sartoris
Quadricepts femoris
Iliopsoas m
chief flexor of the thigh
consists of iliacus (femoral nerve) psoas major (L1-L3) ventral rami psoas minor (L1-L2) ventral rami
Psoas major
L1-L3 ventral rami
Psoas minor
L1-L2 ventral rami
Iliacus
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
What is the insertion point for the iliopsoas?
under the trochanter of the neck of the femur
Sartorius m.
longest muscle in the body
most superficial
femoral nerve
flex, abducts, laterally rotates thigh
flexes hip
(ASIS – pes anserinus) on medial aspect of tibia with semitendinosus and gracilis
Pes Anserinus
common insertion for three muscles innervated by three separate nerves
sartorius tendon
gracilis tendon
semitendinosus tendon
Quadriceps femoris
CHIEF EXTENSOR of the leg
consists of vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialus, rectus femoris
femoral nerve
functions: vasti extend leg, rectus extend leg and flexes thigh
Vasti ____ leg; rectus _____
Vasti extend leg
rectus extend leg and flex thigh
Anterior to posterior (front to back) what order is pes anserinus
Sartorius tendon – Gracilis — Semitendinosus
quadraceps femoris is the
great extensor of the thigh
quadracepts tendon insets on tibial tuberosity
vastus lateralis origin – insertion
greater trochanter —> tibial tuberosity
vastus medialis origin – insertion
intertrochanteric line –> tibial tuberosity
vastus intermedius origin – insertion
anterior/inferior aspects of femur itself, but contributes to the tibial insertion as well
Tendons of all four muscles of quadriceps femoris —>
continues inferiorly as patellar ligament
Functions of quadricep femoris
chief extensor of thigh, rectus also flexes thigh
which is the only quadricep muscle that does not have its origins on the femur?
rectus femoris, origin on anterior inferior iliac spine
Medial Thigh Muscles are (kind of motion they control)
adductors: superficially
SUPERFICIAL Medial thigh muscles include
Pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis
DEEP medial thigh muscles include
Obturator externus, adductor magnus (adductor portion), adductor magnus (hamstring portion)
insertions/origins of adductor magnus
origin: ischiopubic ramus
insertions: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, adductor tubercle (insertion)
Pectineus m.: attachments, innervation, function
Pectin line of pubis (origin) pectineal line (insertion), and just inferior to lesser trochanter
innervation: femoral nerve. occasionally obturator
functions: ADDUCT and FLEX thigh
Adductor longus m.: attachments, innervation, function
body of pubis (inferior to pubic crest), middle 1/3 of linea aspera
innervation obturator nerve (L2-L4)
function: adducts and flexes thigh
Gracilis muscle: attachments, innervation, function
long strap like muscle. ONLY ADDUCTOR TO CROSS KNEE
attachments: pubis body, and inferior ramus
superior part of medial surface of tibia (part of pes anserinus)
obturator nerve
functions: adducts thigh, flex and medially rotates leg
adductor brevis m.
lies deep to pectineus and adductor longus
attachments: pubis body and inferior ramus AND proximal linea aspera
innervated: obturator nerve
functions: adducts and flexes thigh
Groin pull
junction between trunk and thigh has been pulled
strain/stretching, probably some rearing of the proximal attachments of thich adductor/flexor muscles
Obturator externus
deep to pectineus
attachments: external margins of obturator foramen
trochanteric fossa
innervation: obturator nerve
Adductor Magnus: where, size, composition
Adductor part origin: ischiopubic ramus
Hamstring part origin: Ischial tuberosity
Largest adductor, deep to adductor brevis
has a hamstring and an adductor portion
Adductor magnus: hamstring portion
origin on ischial tuberosity
distally: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera
Medial compartment muscles: function/innervation
adduction and obturator nerve
Anterior compartment muscles: function/innervation
femoral nerve, extension
Posterior compartment muscles: function/innervation
Flexion, Sciatic nerve
Hilton’s Law
a joint is innervated by the very same nerves that supply the muscle that move the joint and supply the skin over the joint
