Connective Tissue Flashcards
Functions of CT
strengthens, binds, supports
transports- blood
Stored energy reserve- adipose/ fat
Describe where CT is and its characteristics
Not found on body surface (blood cartilage) Highly vascular (except for cartilage/ tendons)
What is the equation for CT
CT= ECM + Cells
Equation for ECM
ECM= GS + Fibers
Where are protein fibers made and what dictates the structure of the CT
Protein fibers are secreted by the ECM
structure of the ECM largely dictates the structure
Equation for GS
GS= h20+ proteins+ proteoglycans (sugars)
What form Proteoglycans
GAGs + core proteins= proteoglycans
GAG examples
Dermatan/Keratan/Chondroitin SULPHATE
or Hyaluronic acid
What do GAGS do
Trap water
Describe Hyaluronic Acid
Not sulphate/ covalently bonded
Binds cells together, Lubricates Joints and maintains shape of eyeballs
- Makes GS more liquid like
Produced by WBS, sperm and bacteria
Chrondrotin Sulphate location
cartilage, bone, skin/ Blood vessel
Keratan sulphate
bone/ cartilage/ cornea of eye
Dermatan sulphate
skin, tendons Blood vessels and heart valves
Describe Abnormal Periorbital ECM/ Exophthalmos
Autoimmune action on fibroblasts in ECM of eye
Most common in younger women
deposition of GAGS and influx of water into the orbital content
Throid disease
results in Goitre
most common in younger women
autoimmune over action of throid
deposition of the GAGS resulting in influc of water to the contents
Describe Collagen fibres
Thick parallel bundles
provide strength flexiblity and shear force
common in bone, tendon ligament
What are the Fibres within the CT
Elastic
Reticular and
Cartilage
Describe Reticular fibres
thin bundles with coating of glycoprotein
forms BM
made by fibroblasts
strength and support
Describe Elastic fibres
Thinner than collagen
have coating of fibrillin that increases strength and flexibility
found in skin, BV and lungs
Describe MArfan syndrome
chromesome 15
affects fibrillin therefore elastic fibres
Transforms growth beta cells= increased growth
1 in 20,000.
What are two common cells found in the CT
Fibroblasts
Adipocyte
Describe Fibroblasts
migratory widely spread
secretes components of the ECM eg. elastic fibres
Adipose tissue
stores fat
found in skin/ around organs
What are the classifications for CT
Embryonic of Mature
What are the types of Mature CT
Connective tissue proper
Fluid CT
Supporting CT
Describe Embryonic CT
Mesenchyme: reticular fibres formed
Mucous: umbilical cord
CT proper: loose: areloar tissue
2 tissue types
widely distributed
strength, elasticity and support
CT proper: Loose: Adipose
insulation, energy, temp
CT proper loose described
many cells fewer fibers
CT proper dense
more fibres fewer cells
CT proper: Dense: Regular subtype
tendon. ligaments, aponeuroses
slow healing attachment
Supporting CT: Cartilage: Hyaline
Dense network of collagen and elastic fibers
FLEXIBILITY AND MOVEMENT
: Spongy bone
Porous, lacks osteons, produces RBC
Combact bone
has osteons or haverians system
protection and support
CELLS: Bone cell formation
1.(messencymal stem cells) Osteogenic cell- Ostoblasts- Osteocyte (mature bone)
What do osteoclast do?
Bread down bone- monocyte
Structure of Compact bone : Osteons
- lammellae
- Lacunae
- canaliculi
- central canal
Bone healing process
Osteoclasts: reabsorb dead bone
CHondrocyet: lay down hyaline cartilage callus
osteoblast: lay new bone down
osteoclasts: remodel new bone
Eythrocytes job
transport co2 and o2
Neutrophils & monocytes
engulf bacteria (phagocytic)
Basophils and mast cells
when immature they circulate
mature fixed in tissue
intensify inflammation
Eosinophils
fight against parasitic worm & allergic response
Lymphocytes:
Immune response
Platelets
clotting
