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Biology Lab > connective and epithelial tissue > Flashcards

connective and epithelial tissue Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the two types of epithelia tissue?

A

. covering epithelia

.glandular epithelia

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2
Q

what are covering epithelia classified based on?

A

.covering epithelia can be classified based on shape of cell- squamous, cuboidal,columnar
.covering epithelia can be classified based on number of layers
1 layer= simple
>1 layer=stratified

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3
Q

what are the two types of glandular epithelia?

A

. endocrine - secrete substances into vascular system

.exocrine- use ducts

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4
Q

what are the two types of exocrine glands?

A

. unicellular

.multicellular which can have one duct ( single) or many ducts ( compound)

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5
Q

what do connective tissue consist of?

A

. ground substance
. different types pf fibres
. small number of various types of cell

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6
Q

what are the two structures of connective tissue?

A

. loosely arranged which can be areolar or adipose

.densely arranged which can be regular or irregular

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7
Q

what type of tissue is the guinea pig mesentery?

A

loose areolar connective tissue

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8
Q

what is the function of the mesentary?

A

binds together the loops of intestine within the peritoneal cavity

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9
Q

which cells do the smaller , darker , elongate nuclei belong to?

A

.fibroblast

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10
Q

what is the function of fibroblast?

A

. synthesise collagen and ground substance

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11
Q

what is the nature of these fibres?

A

collagen

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12
Q

where in the eyes do you find areolar connective tissue?

A

stroma of iris it allows iris to change pupil shape easily

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13
Q

what tissues/cells make up the inner surface of monkey gut?

A

the inner surface is mixture of simple columnar epithelial cells and goblet cells

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14
Q

what is the white space in the monkey gut?

A

lumen of gut

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15
Q

what do goblet cells secrete?

A

mucous which lubricates and protects

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16
Q

which ocular tissues contain goblet cells?

A

conjunctiva

conjunctival goblet cells form mucous layer of the tear film

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17
Q

why does simple columnar epithelium appear to have several layers of nuclei?

A

cells have different shapes = pseudo stratified

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18
Q

how are the layers of skin arranged?

A
  1. stratum cornea-outer layer of skin consisting of keratin- keep skin hydrated
  2. epidermis-stratified squamous
    3 .reticular dermis- dense irregular connective tissue
  3. hypodermis- fat storage made of adipose
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19
Q

what type of epithelium makes up epidermis?

A

stratified squmous

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20
Q

what is the function of this type of epithelium of the epidermis?

A

protection

21
Q

outer surface of cornea has similar epithelium but why is the upper acellular layer missing?

A

light can get through so better vision

22
Q

how thick is the entire epithelium?

A

70 um

23
Q

what types of tissue is dermis composed of?

A

irregular dense connective tissue

24
Q

what is the main protein component of this reticular dermis irregular dense tissue?

A

. collagen

25
Q

what is the advantage of irregular arrangement of fibres?

A

gives it strength in all direction

26
Q

what structures does the dermis contain?

A

. hair follicles
. sebaceous glands
. sweat glands
. blood vessels

27
Q

explain the appearance of hair follicles?

A

. edges are dark , there is a whole in the centre

28
Q

what are the hairs made of?

A

keratin

29
Q

which type of epithelium lines the cup in which the hairs sit?

A

. covering epithelium

30
Q

what are sebaceous glands?

A

small glands which secrete oil into hair follicles to lubricate skin and hair

31
Q

describe the nature of sebaceous gland secretion?

A

oily they secrete sebum

via holocrine

32
Q

describe the relationship between glands and hair follicles?

A

sebaceous glands are attached to hair follicles and secrete sebum

33
Q

what is the function of sebaceous gland secretion?

A

. secrete oil which hydrates hair

34
Q

what is the mode of secretion of sebaceous glands?

A

.holocrine

35
Q

what kind of glands are in sweat glands?

A

.exocrine glands

. sweat glands produce and secrete substances onto epithelium surface by way of duct (single duct)

36
Q

why does sweat glands appear to be made of series of independent of circular structures?

A

. adipose tissue containing fat tissue

37
Q

what is the diameter of a secretory acinus/tuble?

A

7.5 mm to 8.5 mm

38
Q

what is the consistency of sweat gland secretion?

A

secrete water

39
Q

distinguish between arteries and veins?

A

arteries-thick wall , they stand high pressure
carry oxygenated blood away from heart to body
veins- thin wall , carry poor blood from body to heart

40
Q

what sort of epithelium are blood vessels lined with and why?

A

simple squamous

which allows easy exchange of nutrients and oxygen into body tissue

41
Q

what tissues make up the hypodermis?

A

adipose connective tissue

42
Q

what is the function of adipose connective tissue?

A

. energy storage
. thermal insulation
. mechanical shock absorber

43
Q

what is adipocyte?

A

sepcialised storage of fat found in connective tissue

44
Q

what average size of adipocyte?

A

0.1 mm

45
Q

what adipose connective tissue is associated with the eye?

A

surrounds lacrimal gland

46
Q

How wide is the lumen of a typical goblet cell?

A

11um in diamter

47
Q

How many layers is the epithelium made of in epidermis of skin?

A

7

48
Q

What are the blue dots in blood vessels?

A

red blood cells

Biology Lab (20 decks)

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