connective and epithelial tissue Flashcards
what are the two types of epithelia tissue?
. covering epithelia
.glandular epithelia
what are covering epithelia classified based on?
.covering epithelia can be classified based on shape of cell- squamous, cuboidal,columnar
.covering epithelia can be classified based on number of layers
1 layer= simple
>1 layer=stratified
what are the two types of glandular epithelia?
. endocrine - secrete substances into vascular system
.exocrine- use ducts
what are the two types of exocrine glands?
. unicellular
.multicellular which can have one duct ( single) or many ducts ( compound)
what do connective tissue consist of?
. ground substance
. different types pf fibres
. small number of various types of cell
what are the two structures of connective tissue?
. loosely arranged which can be areolar or adipose
.densely arranged which can be regular or irregular
what type of tissue is the guinea pig mesentery?
loose areolar connective tissue
what is the function of the mesentary?
binds together the loops of intestine within the peritoneal cavity
which cells do the smaller , darker , elongate nuclei belong to?
.fibroblast
what is the function of fibroblast?
. synthesise collagen and ground substance
what is the nature of these fibres?
collagen
where in the eyes do you find areolar connective tissue?
stroma of iris it allows iris to change pupil shape easily
what tissues/cells make up the inner surface of monkey gut?
the inner surface is mixture of simple columnar epithelial cells and goblet cells
what is the white space in the monkey gut?
lumen of gut
what do goblet cells secrete?
mucous which lubricates and protects
which ocular tissues contain goblet cells?
conjunctiva
conjunctival goblet cells form mucous layer of the tear film
why does simple columnar epithelium appear to have several layers of nuclei?
cells have different shapes = pseudo stratified
how are the layers of skin arranged?
- stratum cornea-outer layer of skin consisting of keratin- keep skin hydrated
- epidermis-stratified squamous
3 .reticular dermis- dense irregular connective tissue - hypodermis- fat storage made of adipose
what type of epithelium makes up epidermis?
stratified squmous
what is the function of this type of epithelium of the epidermis?
protection
outer surface of cornea has similar epithelium but why is the upper acellular layer missing?
light can get through so better vision
how thick is the entire epithelium?
70 um
what types of tissue is dermis composed of?
irregular dense connective tissue
what is the main protein component of this reticular dermis irregular dense tissue?
. collagen
what is the advantage of irregular arrangement of fibres?
gives it strength in all direction
what structures does the dermis contain?
. hair follicles
. sebaceous glands
. sweat glands
. blood vessels
explain the appearance of hair follicles?
. edges are dark , there is a whole in the centre
what are the hairs made of?
keratin
which type of epithelium lines the cup in which the hairs sit?
. covering epithelium
what are sebaceous glands?
small glands which secrete oil into hair follicles to lubricate skin and hair
describe the nature of sebaceous gland secretion?
oily they secrete sebum
via holocrine
describe the relationship between glands and hair follicles?
sebaceous glands are attached to hair follicles and secrete sebum
what is the function of sebaceous gland secretion?
. secrete oil which hydrates hair
what is the mode of secretion of sebaceous glands?
.holocrine
what kind of glands are in sweat glands?
.exocrine glands
. sweat glands produce and secrete substances onto epithelium surface by way of duct (single duct)
why does sweat glands appear to be made of series of independent of circular structures?
. adipose tissue containing fat tissue
what is the diameter of a secretory acinus/tuble?
7.5 mm to 8.5 mm
what is the consistency of sweat gland secretion?
secrete water
distinguish between arteries and veins?
arteries-thick wall , they stand high pressure
carry oxygenated blood away from heart to body
veins- thin wall , carry poor blood from body to heart
what sort of epithelium are blood vessels lined with and why?
simple squamous
which allows easy exchange of nutrients and oxygen into body tissue
what tissues make up the hypodermis?
adipose connective tissue
what is the function of adipose connective tissue?
. energy storage
. thermal insulation
. mechanical shock absorber
what is adipocyte?
sepcialised storage of fat found in connective tissue
what average size of adipocyte?
0.1 mm
what adipose connective tissue is associated with the eye?
surrounds lacrimal gland
How wide is the lumen of a typical goblet cell?
11um in diamter
How many layers is the epithelium made of in epidermis of skin?
7
What are the blue dots in blood vessels?
red blood cells
