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Oral Radiology > Cone Beam CT Basics (Pt 2) > Flashcards

Cone Beam CT Basics (Pt 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What filter is seen in this image?

A

Bone window filter

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2
Q

What is better than saying cone beam imaging is 3D?

A

Cone beam imagine is multiplaner imaging

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3
Q

Can a basis image be read?

A

No- not until reconstructed into volumetric data set

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4
Q

If you want other people (office etc.) to be able to read the images from a CBCT they need to be in the form of:

A

Volumetric data set

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5
Q

The ______ is the primary reconstruction when volumetric data is first accessed by a viewing software program

A

Multiplayer reconstruction

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6
Q

The number and types of reconstructions (images) are dependent on the power of the _____ as specified as the ____

A

program; software manufacturers

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7
Q

The _________ data (______ data) forms the volumetric data set

A

Original scan data (projection data)

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8
Q

What forms the volumetric data set?

A

Original scan data (projection data)

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9
Q

Scanner software can either store the volumetric data in either the:

A
  1. proprietary form (unique to veneer)
  2. Universal format (DICOM)
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10
Q

DICOM:

A

Digital imagine & communications in medicine

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11
Q

If the volumetric data is in the proprietary format it is:

A

unique to vendor (only readable if you have that exact software)

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12
Q

Allows for volumetric data to be universally read by different practices with different CBCT programs:

A

DICOM

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13
Q

The proprietary format that is unique to the vendor may also be called:

A

InVivo format

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14
Q

What type of format is the Eggviewer format?

A

Universal (DICOM) format

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15
Q

Standard information transfer method (file format) for transferring images and associated images between devices manufactured by various vendors:

A

DICOM

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16
Q

T/F: Any proprietary volumetric data set can be converted to DICOM

A

True

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17
Q

HIPAA:

A

Health insurance portability & accountability act

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18
Q

T/F: Due to DICOM and sharing information between offices you don’t need to get patient consent to share CBCT with another dental specialist

A

False- due to HIPAA you always need patient to share any information

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19
Q

.dcm signifies that the file is:

A

converted to DICOM format

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20
Q

Multiple _____ software available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data

A

third-party

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21
Q

Multiple third-party software available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data, these include:

A
  1. Anatomage InVivo 3D
  2. CareStream 3D
  3. Cybermed 3D
  4. Dolphin 3D
  5. (Infinitt) Xelis Dental, Xelis 3D
  6. Keystone EasyGuide 3D
  7. NobleClinican
  8. OnDemand 3D
  9. OsiriX DICOM Viewer
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22
Q

Which third-party software available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data is free to download?

A

OsiriX DICOM Viewer

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23
Q

Multiple third-party software available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data, list the ones we use at UMKC and star the ones used most often here:

A
  1. Anatomage InVivo 3D **
  2. CareStream 3D
  3. Dolphin 3D (ortho department)
  4. NobelClinician
  5. OsiriX DICOM Viewer
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24
Q

Oldest third-party software that is available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data and lacks many of the newer features but has the ability to give you multiplanar reconstruction:

A

OsiriX DICOM Viewer

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25
Q

Most widely used DICOM viewer because of global recognition and longevity:

A

OsiriX DICOM Viewer

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26
Q

One of the first third-party softwares to fully support the DICOM standard for easy integration:

A

OsiriX DICOM Viewer

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27
Q

-Materialise SurgiCase CMF
-Simplant (Materialise)
-Sirona - SICAT
-Morita- i-Dixel

These are all:

A

Non-DICOM compatible 3D software

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28
Q

T/F: Only DICOM projection data files are transferred to and stored in the UMKC-SOD MiPACS server

A

True

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29
Q

At UMKC where are proprietary (native) files stored?

A

Stored in the capture CPU or its server

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30
Q

What type of files are stored in the MiPACs server at UMKC?

A

Only DICOM projection data

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31
Q

Why are multiple forms of data sets a problem:

A

It inhibits the access to healthcare by:

  1. limiting the access to the patients information
  2. increasing cost of treatment
  3. delaying time of treatment
32
Q

T/F: Image transfer is as simple as transferring one or of intraoral images

A

False- one transfers an entire data set so the users may access the image files to construct the selected images needed (the images needed will vary between different practitioners)

33
Q

_____ dwarfs the ranges of intraoral, panoramic and skull images

A

CBCT image reconstruction capacity

34
Q

T/F: 2D image reconstructions are not typically stored & transferred

A

True

35
Q

Entire volumetric data sets are transferred so that practitioners:

A
  1. are not limited to a limited number of reconstructions
  2. can determine their own preferred range of images needed for their diagnostic and treatment needs
36
Q

What are the two inherent artifacts that we see most often with CBCT?

A
  1. beam hardening
  2. streaking
37
Q

Beam hardening & streaking are due to:

A

software

38
Q

What occurs with beam hardening:

A

dark areas adjacent to metal

39
Q

This occurs when software does a reconstruction and it notices an area with no signal (due to metal) so the program compensates by increasing the signal next to the metal (an overcorrection); it is a reconstruction artifact:

A

Beam hardening

40
Q

What inherent artifact is indicated by the red arrows?

A

Beam hardening

41
Q

A sunburst like pattern reconstruction artifact seen when there is metal:

A

Streaking

42
Q

What inherent artifact is indicated by the green arrows?

A

Streaking

43
Q

What needs to be present in order to have either streaking or beam hardening or both?

A

Metal

44
Q

Beams hardening creates _____ that is really not there

A

Pathology

45
Q

A reconstruction artifact in CT due to the total absorption of low energy photons by metal objects:

A

Beam hardening

46
Q

When metal is detected in a CT, beam hardening may occur because _____ in the heterogenous X-ray beam will create a signal in tissues adjacent to the metal structure in the back projection algorithm and these areas will be “______” thus creating ______

A

high energy photons; “burned out”; dark areas

47
Q

What is the effects of beam hardening in the cross-sectional & parasagittal reconstructions?

A

Simulates peri-implantitis & alveolar bone defects

48
Q

In addition to metal, beam hardening may occur with:

A

GP used with RCT treatment

49
Q

Creates the outline of a “ghost implant” as well as other radiopaque outlines in the cross-sectional reconstruction:

A

Streak artifact

50
Q

Beam hardening=

Streaking=

A

radiolucent

radiopaque

51
Q

The streak artifact makes it more difficult to:

A

Discern the validity of the cortical bone outlines

52
Q

Streak artifact:

X-rays are heavily attenuated after passing through metal objects which results in:

A

very weak signals reaching the detector

53
Q

Streak artifact:

metal shadows in the raw projection data will then introduce streak artifact in the back projection algorithm reconstructions which introduces the metal streak artifact in:

A

Low density structures (soft tissues)

54
Q

What error can be seen in the following image?

A

Streak artifact

55
Q

What error can be seen in the following image?

A

Streak artifact

56
Q

CBCT streak artifact is minimized with:

A

distance from metals

57
Q

Why does slice 2 show much more extreme streaking compared to slice 1?

A

Slice 1 is further away from the metal

58
Q

CBCT image reconstruction applications:

A
  1. MPR
  2. Panoramic
  3. volume rendering (3D)
  4. TMJ
  5. implant planning
59
Q

List the CBCT image capture and data management: (3)

A
  1. basis image(s)
  2. projection data- total set of basis images
  3. volumetric data set- image files managed by image software
60
Q

MPR:

A

Multi-planar reconstruction

61
Q

In the following multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) the red line is the level of:

A

axial reconstruction

62
Q

Imaging software packages can reconstruct _____ images from the CBCT storage data

A

Panoramic

63
Q

T/F: CBCT scan is indicated for soley panoramic imaging in certain situations

A

False- CBCT scan is NOT indicated SOLEY for panoramic imaging

64
Q

The following images is of:

A

2D panoramic reconstruction from a CBCT scan

65
Q

What can be seen in the following image?

A

Volume rendering - 3D implant planning reconstruction

66
Q

What can be seen in the following image?

A

Volume rendering

67
Q

A type of data visualization technique which creates a 3D representation of data:

A

volume rendering

68
Q

The following images are examples of:

A

volume rendering

69
Q

What tool is being utilized in the following image? What type of reconstruction is seen?

A

airway measurement tool; sagittal reconstruction

70
Q

What components are measured with the airway measurement tool from InVivoDental 5.2 imaging software?

A

Total volume & minimum area

71
Q

T/F: Program wizard computes the volume of the airway space. Threshold values for compromised airway volumes have been determined.

A

1st statement true; second statement false

72
Q

What can we see in the following image?

A

Volume rendering

73
Q

What is indicated in the boxed areas in the below image?

A

B/L TMJ

74
Q

Implant planning may utilize CBCT for a:

A

2D reconstruction (virtual implant placement) & tracings of nerves

75
Q
A

Oral Radiology (21 decks)

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