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Cone Beam CT Basics (Pt 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What filter is seen in this image?

A

Bone window filter

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2
Q

What is better than saying cone beam imaging is 3D?

A

Cone beam imagine is multiplaner imaging

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3
Q

Can a basis image be read?

A

No- not until reconstructed into volumetric data set

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4
Q

If you want other people (office etc.) to be able to read the images from a CBCT they need to be in the form of:

A

Volumetric data set

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5
Q

The ______ is the primary reconstruction when volumetric data is first accessed by a viewing software program

A

Multiplayer reconstruction

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6
Q

The number and types of reconstructions (images) are dependent on the power of the _____ as specified as the ____

A

program; software manufacturers

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7
Q

The _________ data (______ data) forms the volumetric data set

A

Original scan data (projection data)

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8
Q

What forms the volumetric data set?

A

Original scan data (projection data)

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9
Q

Scanner software can either store the volumetric data in either the:

A
  1. proprietary form (unique to veneer)
  2. Universal format (DICOM)
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10
Q

DICOM:

A

Digital imagine & communications in medicine

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11
Q

If the volumetric data is in the proprietary format it is:

A

unique to vendor (only readable if you have that exact software)

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12
Q

Allows for volumetric data to be universally read by different practices with different CBCT programs:

A

DICOM

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13
Q

The proprietary format that is unique to the vendor may also be called:

A

InVivo format

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14
Q

What type of format is the Eggviewer format?

A

Universal (DICOM) format

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15
Q

Standard information transfer method (file format) for transferring images and associated images between devices manufactured by various vendors:

A

DICOM

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16
Q

T/F: Any proprietary volumetric data set can be converted to DICOM

A

True

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17
Q

HIPAA:

A

Health insurance portability & accountability act

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18
Q

T/F: Due to DICOM and sharing information between offices you don’t need to get patient consent to share CBCT with another dental specialist

A

False- due to HIPAA you always need patient to share any information

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19
Q

.dcm signifies that the file is:

A

converted to DICOM format

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20
Q

Multiple _____ software available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data

A

third-party

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21
Q

Multiple third-party software available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data, these include:

A
  1. Anatomage InVivo 3D
  2. CareStream 3D
  3. Cybermed 3D
  4. Dolphin 3D
  5. (Infinitt) Xelis Dental, Xelis 3D
  6. Keystone EasyGuide 3D
  7. NobleClinican
  8. OnDemand 3D
  9. OsiriX DICOM Viewer
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22
Q

Which third-party software available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data is free to download?

A

OsiriX DICOM Viewer

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23
Q

Multiple third-party software available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data, list the ones we use at UMKC and star the ones used most often here:

A
  1. Anatomage InVivo 3D **
  2. CareStream 3D
  3. Dolphin 3D (ortho department)
  4. NobelClinician
  5. OsiriX DICOM Viewer
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24
Q

Oldest third-party software that is available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data and lacks many of the newer features but has the ability to give you multiplanar reconstruction:

A

OsiriX DICOM Viewer

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25
Most widely used DICOM viewer because of global recognition and longevity:
OsiriX DICOM Viewer
26
One of the first third-party softwares to fully support the DICOM standard for easy integration:
OsiriX DICOM Viewer
27
-Materialise SurgiCase CMF -Simplant (Materialise) -Sirona - SICAT -Morita- i-Dixel These are all:
Non-DICOM compatible 3D software
28
T/F: Only DICOM projection data files are transferred to and stored in the UMKC-SOD MiPACS server
True
29
At UMKC where are proprietary (native) files stored?
Stored in the capture CPU or its server
30
What type of files are stored in the MiPACs server at UMKC?
Only DICOM projection data
31
Why are multiple forms of data sets a problem:
It inhibits the access to healthcare by: 1. limiting the access to the patients information 2. increasing cost of treatment 3. delaying time of treatment
32
T/F: Image transfer is as simple as transferring one or of intraoral images
False- one transfers an entire data set so the users may access the image files to construct the selected images needed (the images needed will vary between different practitioners)
33
_____ dwarfs the ranges of intraoral, panoramic and skull images
CBCT image reconstruction capacity
34
T/F: 2D image reconstructions are not typically stored & transferred
True
35
Entire volumetric data sets are transferred so that practitioners:
1. are not limited to a limited number of reconstructions 2. can determine their own preferred range of images needed for their diagnostic and treatment needs
36
What are the two inherent artifacts that we see most often with CBCT?
1. beam hardening 2. streaking
37
Beam hardening & streaking are due to:
software
38
What occurs with beam hardening:
dark areas adjacent to metal
39
This occurs when software does a reconstruction and it notices an area with no signal (due to metal) so the program compensates by increasing the signal next to the metal (an overcorrection); it is a reconstruction artifact:
Beam hardening
40
What inherent artifact is indicated by the red arrows?
Beam hardening
41
A sunburst like pattern reconstruction artifact seen when there is metal:
Streaking
42
What inherent artifact is indicated by the green arrows?
Streaking
43
What needs to be present in order to have either streaking or beam hardening or both?
Metal
44
Beams hardening creates _____ that is really not there
Pathology
45
A reconstruction artifact in CT due to the total absorption of low energy photons by metal objects:
Beam hardening
46
When metal is detected in a CT, beam hardening may occur because _____ in the heterogenous X-ray beam will create a signal in tissues adjacent to the metal structure in the back projection algorithm and these areas will be "______" thus creating ______
high energy photons; "burned out"; dark areas
47
What is the effects of beam hardening in the cross-sectional & parasagittal reconstructions?
Simulates peri-implantitis & alveolar bone defects
48
In addition to metal, beam hardening may occur with:
GP used with RCT treatment
49
Creates the outline of a "ghost implant" as well as other radiopaque outlines in the cross-sectional reconstruction:
Streak artifact
50
Beam hardening= Streaking=
radiolucent radiopaque
51
The streak artifact makes it more difficult to:
Discern the validity of the cortical bone outlines
52
Streak artifact: X-rays are heavily attenuated after passing through metal objects which results in:
very weak signals reaching the detector
53
Streak artifact: metal shadows in the raw projection data will then introduce streak artifact in the back projection algorithm reconstructions which introduces the metal streak artifact in:
Low density structures (soft tissues)
54
What error can be seen in the following image?
Streak artifact
55
What error can be seen in the following image?
Streak artifact
56
CBCT streak artifact is minimized with:
distance from metals
57
Why does slice 2 show much more extreme streaking compared to slice 1?
Slice 1 is further away from the metal
58
CBCT image reconstruction applications:
1. MPR 2. Panoramic 3. volume rendering (3D) 4. TMJ 5. implant planning
59
List the CBCT image capture and data management: (3)
1. basis image(s) 2. projection data- total set of basis images 3. volumetric data set- image files managed by image software
60
MPR:
Multi-planar reconstruction
61
In the following multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) the red line is the level of:
axial reconstruction
62
Imaging software packages can reconstruct _____ images from the CBCT storage data
Panoramic
63
T/F: CBCT scan is indicated for soley panoramic imaging in certain situations
False- CBCT scan is NOT indicated SOLEY for panoramic imaging
64
The following images is of:
2D panoramic reconstruction from a CBCT scan
65
What can be seen in the following image?
Volume rendering - 3D implant planning reconstruction
66
What can be seen in the following image?
Volume rendering
67
A type of data visualization technique which creates a 3D representation of data:
volume rendering
68
The following images are examples of:
volume rendering
69
What tool is being utilized in the following image? What type of reconstruction is seen?
airway measurement tool; sagittal reconstruction
70
What components are measured with the airway measurement tool from InVivoDental 5.2 imaging software?
Total volume & minimum area
71
T/F: Program wizard computes the volume of the airway space. Threshold values for compromised airway volumes have been determined.
1st statement true; second statement false
72
What can we see in the following image?
Volume rendering
73
What is indicated in the boxed areas in the below image?
B/L TMJ
74
Implant planning may utilize CBCT for a:
2D reconstruction (virtual implant placement) & tracings of nerves
75

Oral Radiology (21 decks)

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