Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology 1121 > Conditions and Diseases > Flashcards

Conditions and Diseases Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

condition where placenta prematurely detaches from the uterine wall; results in premature birth or fetal death

A

abruptio placentae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

small benign skin growths attached by a stalk; skin tags are commonly found on the neck, underarm, and trunk of the body

A

acrochordon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

enlargement of (the bones of) the extremities, face, and jaw

A

acromegaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a chronic dermatitis due to photosensitivity to the sun

A

actinic dermatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hyposecretion of adrenal glands resulting in weakness, weight loss, depression, and darkening of skin

A

Addison’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

inflammation of a gland

A

adenitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

inflammation of the adrenal gland

A

adrenalitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

decreased ability to recognize familiar objects, sounds, smells, and other sensory stimuli; usually caused by damage to the brain

A

agnosia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

a group of inherited disorders where the skin, hair, eyes appear white due to little pigmentation

A

albinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

a person’s hypersensitivity to a substance

A

allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

hair loss in small round patches

A

alopecia areata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

progressive neurodegenerative disease that is the most common cause of dementia

A

Alzheimer’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

condition of being without breasts

A

amastia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

progressive, fatal disease that causes degeneration of muscles

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s disease) ALS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

severe allergic reaction

A

anaphylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

decreased ability of red blood cells to deliver oxygen to bodily tissues

A

anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

condition of being born without a brain

A

anencephaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

widening of an artery

A

aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

severe constricting chest pain that commonly travels to the neck, shoulder, and arm

A

angina pectoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

inflammation of the heart and blood vessels

A

angiocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

tumor or mass in a blood vessel

A

angioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

condition of having no sweat

A

anhidrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

red blood cells are different sizes

A

anisocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

abnormal condition of stiff joints

A

ankyiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

being without one or both testes

A

anorchism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

type of anemia caused by the inability of red bone marrow to produce red blood cells

A

aplastic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

rupture of an artery

A

arteriorrhexis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

harden and thickening of the walls of the arteries

A

arteriosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

inflammation of an artery

A

arteritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

without a pulse; suffocation

A

asphyxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

chronic lung disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of airways

A

asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

abnormal curvature of the cornea resulting in the inability to properly focus images onto the retina

A

astigmatism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

incomplete dilation of the lung (collapse)

A

atelectasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

hardening of the arteries due to plaque accumulation

A

atherosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

a fungal infection of the foot that usually occurs between the toes

A

athlete’s foot/tinea pedis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

a hole in the partition between the two atria which leads to lower than normal oxygen levels in the blood supply

A

atrial septal defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

inflammation of the glans penis

A

balanitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

paralysis on one side of the face caused from inflammation or damage to a facial nerve

A

Bell’s Palsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

excessive development of the prostate gland that results in narrowing of the urethra

A

benign prostatis hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

inflammation of the eyelid

A

blepharitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

drooping of an eyelid

A

blepharoptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

dilation of the bronchial tube

A

bronchiectasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

inflammation of the bronchiole

A

bronchiolitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

inflammation of the bronchial tube

A

bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

acute inflammation and clotting of arteries and veins that affect the hands and feet; commonly linked to tobacco use

A

Buerger’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

a deformity at the base of the big toe; may be caused by shoes that rub the foot

A

bunion (hallux valgus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

a fungal infection that can affect the skin as well as other areas such as genitals, mouth

A

candidiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

sudden stoppage of the heart

A

cardiac arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardium resulting in undue pressure on the heart and a significant drop in blood pressure

A

cardiac tamponade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

disease of the heart muscle

A

cardiomyopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

a condition of the fingers and hand due to compression on the median nerve as it passes through the carpal in the wrist; causes pain, numbness, and weakness

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

(also called wrist drop) inability to extend the hand whereby the hand flexes; due to injury of the radial nerve or paralysis of the extensor muscles

A

carpoptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

clouding of the lens of the eye; reduced transparency

A

cataract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

headache

A

cephalalgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

weakening and dilation of the wall of an artery that supplies blood to the brain

A

cerebral aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

lodging of a moving blood clot in an artery that supplies the brain

A

cerebral embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

type of stroke resulting from a blockage of vessels that supply blood to the brain

A

cerebral infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

reduced abilities to move or speak that does not worsen over time

A

cerebral palsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

general term for the interruption in the blood supply to the brain either from a blockage due to a clot or from a ruptured artery resulting in the functional loss or death of brain tissue

A

cerebrovascular accident

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

excessive buildup of wax in the ear

A

cerumen impaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

thinning and shortening of the cervical canal during labor

A

cervical effacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

inflammation and swelling with a small mass on the edge of the eyelid resulting from a blocked meibomian gland

A

chalazion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

inflammation of the gallbladder

A

cholecystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

an abnormal condition of a stone in the common bile duct

Tx: cholocystectomy

A

choledocholithiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

abnormal condition of gallstone

A

cholelithiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

an inherited rare condition with brain degeneration resulting in involuntary movements of limbs and facial muscles

A

chorea (Huntington’s disease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

long-term lung disease characterized by low air flow that worsens over time; refers to both chronic bronchitis and emphysema

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

a chronic liver condition characterized by nodular, fibrous scar tissue on the liver; commonly caused by alcoholism, infections, and fatty liver disease; liver appears orange-yellow in color; Tx: choledochotomy

A

cirrhosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

pain, cramping, weakness, and fatigue of muscles of the leg caused by poor circulation in the arteries of the lower extremities

A

claudication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

congenital anomaly where roof of mouth does not fully close during prenatal development

A

cleft palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

a broken bone where the bone does not break through the skin

A

closed fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

abnormal narrowing of the aorta

A

coarctation of the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

inflammation of the colon

A

colitis

74
Q

fracture in the lower end of the radius

A

Colles fracture

75
Q

a fracture in which the bone is in three or more fragments

A

comminuted fracture

76
Q

a fracture, usually of the vertebrae, caused by compression; the vertebrae breaks and then collapses

A

compression fracture

77
Q

injury to the brain from a sudden blow to the head

A

concussion

78
Q

genital wart

A

condyloma

79
Q

inability of the heart to pump at its full capacity resulting in insufficient blood flow; left ventricular failure

A

congestive heart failure

80
Q

enlargement of the right ventricle as a result of high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs; right ventricular failure

A

cor pulmonale

81
Q

inflammation of the cornea and iris

A

corneoiritis

82
Q

narrowing of arteries from a buildup of plaque within the coronary arteries; result in reduced oxygen to the heart

A

coronary artery disease

83
Q

reduced oxygen to the heart resulting from coronary artery disease

A

coronary heart disease

84
Q

blockage or obstruction of blood flow in a coronary artery

A

coronary occlusion

85
Q

a congenital split or fissure of the skull

A

cranioschisis

86
Q

congenital hypothyroidism resulting in dwarfed stature and decreased mental development

A

cretinism

87
Q

a chronic inflammatory bowel disease which most commonly affects the ileum and beginning of the large intestines, but may affect any part of the GI tract

A

Crohn’s disease

88
Q

viral respiratory condition common to young children characterized by a barking cough

A

croup

89
Q

condition of hidden or undescended testis

A

cryptorchism

90
Q

hypersecretion of the adrenal glands resulting in obesity, high blood pressure, weakness, and moon face

A

Cushing’s syndrome

91
Q

hereditary disorder that usually appears in early childhood, characterized by overproduction of mucus in the respiratory tract

A

cystic fibrosis

92
Q

inflammation of the urinary bladder

A

cystitis

93
Q

hernia of the urinary bladder into the vagina

A

cystocele

94
Q

stone of the urinary bladder

A

cystolith

95
Q

inflammation of the tear duct

A

dacryocystitis

96
Q

inflammation of the joints (osteoarthritis)

A

degenerative joint disease

97
Q

the splitting open of a closed surgical wound site

A

dehiscence

98
Q

loss of memory and cognitive function

A

dementia

99
Q

pain of a tooth

A

dentalgia

100
Q

inflammation of the skin

A

dermatitis

101
Q

tumor of the skin or ovary that contains skin

A

dermoid cyst

102
Q

separation of the retina from the choroid

A

detached retina

103
Q

hyposecretion of the pituitary gland resulting in increased thirst and urination

A

diabetes insipidous

104
Q

chronic carbohydrate metabolism disorder resulting from lack of or resistance to insulin; includes Type 1 (IDDM) and Type 2 (NIDDM)

A

diabetes mellitus

105
Q

hernia where the stomach or intestine protrudes through the diaphragm

A

diaphragmatocele

106
Q

condition of double vision

A

diplopia

107
Q

the movement of a bone from its normal position within a joint

A

dislocation

108
Q

inflammation of small blind pouches in the colon

A

diverticulitis

109
Q

a condition in which pouches form in the walls of the large intestines

A

diverticulosis

110
Q

congenital disorder characterized by decreased mental ability and issues with physical development

A

Down Syndrome

111
Q

a form of muscular dystrophy causing progressive muscle weakness and a life expectancy of about 25 years

A

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

112
Q

imbalance of blood components

A

dyscrasia

113
Q

condition of a painful abdomen caused by intestine inflammation

A

dysentery

114
Q

difficult reading or writing of words or phrases

A

dyslexia

115
Q

disorder due to abnormal or bad nourishment

A

dystrophy

116
Q

convulsions during pregnancy associated with hypertension

A

eclampsia

117
Q

implantation of the fertilized ovum outside the uterus

A

ectopic pregnancy

118
Q

a general term used for inflammatory itchy conditions of the skin (dermatitis)

A

eczema

119
Q

a blood clot that has traveled in the bloodstream to another location

A

embolism

120
Q

chronic lung disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of airways

A

emphysema

121
Q

inflammation of the brain

A

encephalitis

122
Q

softening of the brain

A

encephalomalacia

123
Q

disease of the brain

A

encephalopathy

124
Q

inflammation of the endocardium in the heart

A

endocarditis

125
Q

tissue normally found in the uterus is found outside of the uterus

A

endometriosis

126
Q

inflammation of the endometrium of the uterus

A

endometritis

127
Q

inflammation of tissues within the eye

A

endophthalmitis

128
Q

neurologic disorder characterized by seizures

A

epilepsy

129
Q

congenital tear of the opening of the urethra above the dorsal aspect of the penis

A

epispadias

130
Q

inflammation of the intestines

A

enteritis

131
Q

inflammation of the epicondyle

A

epicondylitis

132
Q

inflammation of the epididymis

A

epididymitis

133
Q

Rh incompatibility of a woman with Rh negative blood and her fetus with Rh positive blood; causes destruction of red blood cells

A

erythroblastosis fetalis

134
Q

increase in production of red blood cells

A

erythrocytosis

135
Q

formation of red blood cells

A

erythropoiesis

136
Q

dead skin that sheds away from healthy skin following a burn

A

eschar

137
Q

congenital defect where a part of the esophagus is missing resulting in the inability of food to pass from mouth to stomach

A

esophageal atresia

138
Q

an abrasion of the skin

A

excoriation

139
Q

inflammation of the fascia; Tx: fasciotomy

A

fasciitis

140
Q

formation of noncancerous cysts in the breast

A

fibrocystic breast disease

141
Q

pain of muscle fibers

A

fibromyalgia

142
Q

abnormal passageway between two organs

A

fistula

143
Q

inflammation of a hair follicle

A

folliculitis

144
Q

inflammation of a ganglion

A

gangliitis

145
Q

death to a part of the body tissue due to insufficient blood supply

A

gangrene

146
Q

pain of the stomach

A

gastrodynia

147
Q

a condition in which the contents of the stomach back up into the esophagus

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

148
Q

softening of the stomach

A

gastromalacia

149
Q

increased intraocular pressure resulting in damage to the optic nerve

A

glaucoma

150
Q

inflammation of the glomerulus and kidney

A

glomerulonephritis

151
Q

a type of arthritis caused by too much uric acid in the blood which deposits uric acid crystals in the joints

A

gout

152
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

Grave’s disease

153
Q

an incomplete fracture where one side of the bone breaks and the other is bent

A

greenstick fracture

154
Q

a rare condition in which there is inflammation in many nerves of the peripheral nervous system resulting in muscle weakness and paralysis; usually follows an infection such as the flu, respiratory illness

A

Guillian Barre syndrome

155
Q

excessive development of breasts in a male

A

gynecomastia

156
Q

condition of the electrical system of the heart; type of arrhythmia

A

heart block

157
Q

benign vascular tumor consisting of overdevelopment of blood vessels at the site; may resemble a birthmark

A

hemangioma

158
Q

collection of blood in tissue surrounding a blood vessel

A

hematoma

159
Q

paralysis of one side of the body

A

hemiplegia

160
Q

condition of excess accumulation of iron deposits in the body that leads to liver and heart damage

A

hemochromatosis

161
Q

dilated, swollen, or inflamed veins in the anus and lower rectum

A

hemorrhoids/piles

162
Q

inflammation of the liver

A

hepatitis

163
Q

cushiony disc between vertebrae bulges or breaks open causing pain and numbness; Tx: diskectomy, laminectomy

A

herniated disc (slipped or ruptured disc)

164
Q

a protrusion of the stomach into the esophageal hiatus

A

hiatal hernia

165
Q

excessive growth of hair on face and body

A

hirsutism

166
Q

infection of the meibomian gland in the eyelid

A

hordeolum (sty)

167
Q

hernia caused by water collected in the scrotum

A

hydrocele

168
Q

excessive buildup of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain at birth

A

hydrocephalus

169
Q

condition of urine collected in a kidney

A

hydronephrosis

170
Q

excessive calcium in the blood

A

hypercalcemia

171
Q

excessive lipids in the blood

A

hyperlipidemia

172
Q

farsightedness

A

hyperopia

173
Q

excessive secretion of parathyroid glands, often due to a tumor

A

hyperparathyroidism

174
Q

high blood pressure

A

hypertension

175
Q

excessive development of an organ or tissue due to an increase in cell size

A

hypertrophy

176
Q

deficiency of calcium in the blood

A

hypocalcemia

177
Q

less than normal secretion of the parathyroid gland

A

hypoparathyroidism

178
Q

closure of the uterine opening

A

hysteratresia

179
Q

obstruction of the intestine caused when peristalsis ceases

A

ileus

180
Q

protrusion of the intestines through the abdominal wall in the groin region

A

inguinal hernia

181
Q

telescoping of the intestines

A

intussusception

Medical Terminology 1121 (51 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions