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Medical Terminology 1121 > Cancer Terms > Flashcards

Cancer Terms Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

malignant tumor of epithelial tissue originating from glandular cells

A

adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

benign tumor of epithelial tissue originating from glandular cells

A

adenoma

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3
Q

treatment given after primary treatment to keep cancer from returning

A

adjuvant therapy

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4
Q

lack of differentiation in neoplastic cells; sign of malignancy

A

anaplasia

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5
Q

common skin cancer of epithelium that rarely metastasizes

A

basal cell carcinoma

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6
Q

non-cancerous, non-invasive

A

benign

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7
Q

internal radiation therapy; radioactive material placed directly next to a tumor

A

brachytherapy

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8
Q

any substance that is capable of causing cancer

A

carcinogen

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9
Q

malignant tumor with a tendency to metastasize to other areas

A

carcinoma

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10
Q

localized or noninvasive cancer

A

carcinoma in situ

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11
Q

type of cancer treatment that uses drugs or chemicals

A

chemotherapy

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12
Q

malignant tumor of cartilage

A

chondrosarcoma

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13
Q

malignant tumor usually of the placenta during pregnancy

A

choriocarcinoma

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14
Q

process of cells to become more specialized for functionality (for example: muscle or bone cells); cancer cells tend to lose differentiation

A

differentiation

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15
Q

abnormal tissue development

A

dysplasia

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16
Q

primary bone cancer that mostly affects a growth area in children (often the growth plate at the end of an arm or leg)

A

ewing sarcoma

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17
Q

benign tumor of fibrous connective tissue

A

fibroma

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18
Q

malignant tumor of fibrous connective tissue

A

fibrosarcoma

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19
Q

most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor

A

glioblastoma

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20
Q

tumor originating in the brain or spine

A

glioma

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21
Q

malignant tumor originating from blood vessels

A

hemangiosarcoma

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22
Q

study of tissue; histology of tumor is key to determining type of cancer

A

histology

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23
Q

cancer of the lymph system stemming from white blood cells; one form of lymphoma

A

Hodgkin’s disease

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24
Q

excessive development of number of cells other than tumor development, may be a sign of precancerous cell development; break it down

A

hyperplasia

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25
Q

form of skin cancer spread through the lymphatic system that commonly produces red or purple patches on the skin; common in those with weakend immune responses, such a AIDS patients

A

kaposi sarcoma

26
Q

benign tumor of smooth muscle (often of the uterus)

A

leiomyoma

27
Q

malignant tumor of smooth muscle (often of the uterus)

A

leiomyosarcoma

28
Q

cancer of red bone marrow that begins with abnormal production of white blood cells

A

leukemia

29
Q

precancerous white patches on mucous membranes, usually of the mouth as a result of smoking

A

leukoplakia

30
Q

benign tumor of fat cells

A

lipoma

31
Q

malignant tumor of fat cells

A

liposarcoma

32
Q

malignant tumor of lymphatic vessels

A

lymphangiosarcoma

33
Q

malignant tumor of lymph nodes or lymph tissue

A

lymphoma

34
Q

cancerous, invasive;

A

malignant

35
Q

most serious form of skin cancer originating from pigment producing cells (melanocytes)

A

melanoma

36
Q

benign tumor of the meninges that often produces pressure against the brain

A

meningioma

37
Q

(abbreviation: Mets) spread of cancer from primary site to another site not directly connected

A

metastasis

38
Q

malignant tumor of bone marrow

A

myeloma

39
Q

benign tumor of muscle tissue

A

myoma

40
Q

malignant tumor of muscle tissue

A

myosarcoma

41
Q

tumor; new, uncontrolled cell growth resulting in abnormal growth of tissue; may be malignant or benign

A

neoplasm

42
Q

(Wilms tumor) cancerous tumor of kidney most often found in children

A

nephroblastoma

43
Q

tumor of nervous tissue

A

neuroma

44
Q

physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer

A

oncologist

45
Q

study of tumors (cancer)

A

oncology

46
Q

malignant tumor of bone

A

osteosarcoma

47
Q

treatment given to reduce pain and suffering without providing a cure

A

palliative

48
Q

lesion or tumor that tends to develop into cancer

A

pre-cancerous

49
Q

site of original cancer cell formation and growth into a tumor

A

primary site

50
Q

type of cancer treatment that uses radiation

A

radiotherapy

51
Q

period after treatment in which there is no active cancer

A

remission

52
Q

malignant tumor of the retina often developing during childhood

A

retinoblastoma

53
Q

benign tumor of muscle fibers

A

rhabdomyoma

54
Q

malignant tumor of muscle fibers

A

rhabdomyosarcoma

55
Q

malignant tumor

A

sarcoma

56
Q

site to where a primary cancer spreads via the blood or lymphatic systems

A

secondary site

57
Q

slow growing cancer originating from the epidermis

A

squamous cell carcinoma

58
Q

tumor comprised of different types of tissues; includes tissues not usually found in the organ where it develops; occurs most commonly in the ovary or testis

A

teratoma

59
Q

benign tumor of the thymus gland

A

thymoma

60
Q

abbreviation: tumor, node, metastasis; staging system for the classification of tumors

A

TNM

61
Q

neoplasm; new, uncontrolled cell growth resulting in abnormal growth of tissue; may be malignant or benign

A

tumor

62
Q

dry mouth due to reduction in salivary gland performance; common side effect of raditiation therapy

A

xerostomia

Medical Terminology 1121 (51 decks)

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