Concept Learning Flashcards
defining attributes (feature comparison theory)
distinctive features shared by members of a category
fuzzy boundaries (feature comparison theory)
defining abstract concepts like “game”, “justice”, love”, etc.
graded membership (feature comparison theory)
extent to which something belongs to a category
prototype (prototype theory)
best representative a category (eg fruits: apple, not avocado)
exemplar (prototype theory)
specific examples of concept; of a particular thing that exemplifies concept
exemplar theory
compare things w/concepts in your memory (exemplars used instead of prototypes)
4 components of teaching concepts
- examples + nonexamples
- (ir)relevant attributes
- name of concept
- definition
2 components of a good definition
- reference to a more general category
- statement of concept’s defining attributes
(cultural variation in conceptualization)
domain of experience principle (principles of categorization)
things that belong to a domain/frame of experience are categorized together
myth and belief principle (principles of categorization)
things that are linked by myth/belief are categorized together
important property principle (principles of categorization)
things that have an important property are categorized together
functional fixedness
inability to us objects/tools in a new way
response set
tendency to respond in a familiar way
stand-alone programs
teach strategies independent of a particular content domain
embedded programs
teacher strategies w/i context of a particular subject mater
SQ3R (Robinson)
- S-urvey: read through chapter intro/objects/summary
- Q-uestion
- R-ead
- R-ecite
- R-eview
SPELT goal - (Mulcahy)
Strategies Program for Effective Learning/Thinking
goal: autonomy/independence in learners
SPELT 3 phases
- direct instruction (teach strategies)
- socratic questioning (promote transfer across curriculum)
- students encouraged to generate their own strategies
SPELT critical thinking
evaluating conclusions by logically/systematically examining problem/evidence/solution
- different disciplines think critically in different ways
- metacognitive about thinking
- introduce vocabulary to children so they can use it to understand their thinking
