Composition 10 Flashcards
CHEMICAL ENERGY
energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds (atoms and molecules)
batteries, biomass, petroleum, natural gas, and coal are examples of stored chemical energy
MECHANICAL ENERGY
the sum of kinetic and potential energy in an object that is used to do work. In other words, it is energy in an object due to its motion or position or both.
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
energy made available by the flow of electric charge through a conductor
ENERGY TRANSFORMATION
the change of energy from one form to another
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water
photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.
using light energy to make sugars from carbon dioxide and water
the process takes place when plants using light energy from the sun convert carbon dioxide and water to glucose sugar and oxygen gas through a series of reactions
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
states that mass in an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations
the mass of the products in a chemical reaction must equal to the mass of the reactants
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER
matter is neither created nor destroyed
EVAPORATION
is a type of phase change in which liquid water transforms into water vapor, an invisible substance that retains many of the original properties of liquid water
WATER CYCLE
1-water evaporates from the surface of the earth
2-rises into the atmosphere
3-cools and condenses into rain or snow in clouds
4-falls again into the surface as precipitation
STARCH
any extra food a plant makes through photosynthesis is stored in its tissue as starch
testing a leaf for starch is one way to test whether it has been performing photosynthesis
ENERGY
the capacity of a physical system to perform work
the ability to move other matter
the ability to produce a chemical change
