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IC Part II > Complementary and Alternative Medicine > Flashcards

Complementary and Alternative Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

special diets, high doses of vitamins and mineral, extracts of animal or botanical products

A

biological based

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2
Q

massage, osteopathic manipulations, chiropractic manipulations, cranial sacral therapies

A

manipulative and body based

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3
Q

meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis

A

mind body approaches

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4
Q
  • exploitation of veritable or putative energy fields
  • acupuncture aims to correct energies that flow through special meridians or channels
  • asian practicioners balance of vital energies
  • reiki, uses healing touch
  • magnets are increasingly popular health products
A

energy medicine

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5
Q

homeopathy, naturopathic, ayurvedic medicine of India, traditional chinese, tibetan

A

alternative systems of medicine

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6
Q
  • historical and cultural significance
  • prevention vs cure
  • understanding of emotions and disease
  • role of stress
  • herbals or nutraceuticals
A

why CAM is popular

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7
Q
  • drug seeking vs fear of drug taking
  • overselling meaning of results, scientists
  • uninformed physicians
  • pressure by health care delivery system
  • advertisements by pharmaceutical industries
  • lawyers constantly recruiting clients who have thought to be harmed by meds
A

issues with conventional medicine that increase CAM popularity

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8
Q
  • fear of synthetic drugs
  • misconception of safety and efficacy of natural substances
  • failure to understand emotional nature of disease and treatment in conventional therapies
  • practicioners of alternative therapies spend more time talking to and working with patients
A

growing use of alternative therapies

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9
Q

______ exempt from FDA safety and efficacy laws, no required studies, toxicities likely under reported

A

herbs

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10
Q

helps maintain normal alertness, concentration, and memory

A

gingko biloba

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11
Q

helps you body generate the energy it needs and may enhance physical performance

A

ginseng

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12
Q

helps maintain prostate health and normal urine flow

A

saw palmetto

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13
Q

helps maintain healthy emotional balance and a positive outlook

A

St John’s wort

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14
Q

helps support immune system function and the body’s natural defenses

A

echinacea

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15
Q

helps maintain healthy cholesterol levels and healthy blood pressure

A

garlic

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16
Q
  • stimulate menstrual and uterine flow, tone, and activity
  • found in herbal remedies used in practice of midwifery
  • concerns: dyspepsia, n/v, GI disturbances
  • pregnancy risk category X
  • hepatotoxic
  • avoid
A

black cohosh, cimicifuga racemosa

17
Q
  • marketed for temporary relief of pain from arthritis or for relief of minor aches and pains of muscles and joints
  • indicated for treatment of neuralgias due to shingles or diabetes, and other types of neurogenic pain
  • high dose dermal patch in phase III trials for treatment of neuropathic pain assoc’d with HIV or herpes simplex
  • depletes and prevents reaccumulation of substance P in periphery sensory neurons
  • topical patch for postherpetic neuralgia
  • concerns: transient skin irritation
A

capsaicin

18
Q
  • used together to help ease the symptoms of osteoarthritis
  • inhibits enzymes that degrade cartilage
  • molecular component of ground substance and building block for glycosaminoglycans
  • improve performance and slow the narrowing of the joint space in patients with OA of the knee
  • well tolerated
A

chondroitin and glucosamine

19
Q
  • decreases duration and intensity of cold symptoms via anti inflammatory and immune stimulation mechanisms
  • used for temporary relief of pain due to cold sores
  • concerns: fever, LAD, diarrhea, angioedema, diaphoresis, hepatitis, elevated hepatic enzymes, myasthenia
A

echinacea

20
Q
  • abortive treatment of migraine and vasuclar headache
  • migraine prophylaxis
  • relief of pain
  • treatment of fever
  • concerns: stimulates uterine contractions, impaired platelt aggregation from depletion of platelet serotonin
A

feverfew, tanacetum parthenium

21
Q
  • improvement of pain free walking in patients with peripheral vascular disease or intermittent claudication
  • treatment of cerebral insufficiency, organic brain syndrome, Alzheimer’s, dementia
  • management of tinnitus and vertigo of vascular origin
  • treatment of premenstrual syndrome
  • management of antidepressant induced sexual dysfunction
  • concerns: ineffective in preventing dementia, gin-nan food poisoning, seizure, inhibition of platelet aggregation, infertility
A

gingko

22
Q
  • tonic or adaptogen
  • increase resistance to stress, improve vitality including mental and physical capacity for work
  • concerns: adulterated or mislabeled, ephedrine and caffeine added, insomnia
A

ginseng

23
Q
  • treatment of mild, anxiety, stress, restlessness or nervousness of non psychotic origin
  • mild insomnia, act at GABA receptors to produce anxiolytic and mild sedative activity
  • concerns: hepatotoxicity
A

kava kava, piper methysticum

24
Q
  • relief of dyspepsia
  • adjunct of hepatic cirrhosis, acute hep A, hep B
  • treatment of mushroom poisoning due to amanita
  • promote healthy liver function
  • concern: GI upset
A

milk thistle, sylbium marianum

25
Q
  • widely used in europe for depression, dysthymia, sleep disturbances
  • relief of inflammation due to minor burns
  • antidepressant effect correlates with hyperforin
  • enhances norepi, dopamine, glutamate
A

st john’s wort, hypericum perforatum

26
Q

St John’s wort inhibits _______ in vitro, affects indinavir, cyclosporine, leads to graft rejection, reduced levels of oral contraceptives, warfarin, theophylline, amitriptyline

A

CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP1A2

27
Q

St johns wort inhibits ______, which acutely raises fexofenadine levels

A

p-glycoprotein

28
Q

St. john’s wort induces p-glycoprotein which lowers fexofenadine levels and lowers serum ________

A

digoxin

29
Q
  • interacts with SSRIs and nefazodone, can cause serotonin syndrome
  • paroxetine - nausea, lethargy, incoherence
A

st johns wort

30
Q
  • treats obesity, mild to mod urinary incontinence, nasal congestion
  • desert’s herb, power trim
A

ephedra, ma huang

31
Q

FDA: dietary supplements containing ______ present a significant and unreasonable human health risk of illness or injury

A

ephedra

IC Part II (29 decks)

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