Comparison of Approaches Flashcards
Behaviourism-Development
No stage theory of development as learning can occur at any time
Behaviourism-Nature vs Nurture
Born as “blank slate”. All behaviour is learned via associations
Behaviourism-Reductionism
Behaviour is broken down into stimulus-response
Behaviourism-Determinism
All behaviour is environmentally determined from external influences
Behaviourism-Explanation and Treatments
Abormity is caused by maladaptive learning in which destructive patterns are learned
There is a symptom based approach to treating it-Systematic Desensitization
Behaviourism-Adding to Psychology as a science
Research is done in a lab-very controlled and scientific
SLT-Development
No stage theory of development as learning can occur at any time
SLT-Nature vs Nuture
We are born as a “blank slate”. All behaviour is learned by observation and imitation
SLT-Reductionism
Learning is broken down into a handful of key processes,but place emphasis on cognitive factors
SLT-Determinism
Reciprocal determinism-influence by environmental,we exert some influence upon the behaviours we choose to perform
SLT-Explanation and Treatment
Modelling and observation of a destructive role model can create destructive behaviours
SLT-Adding to Psychology as a science
Over reliant on lab studies, very controlled. Can be studied in a field experiment as well. It is scientific
Cognitive-Development
Has stage theories
Cognitive-Nature vs Nuture
Schemas and processing ability is inmate,but is constantly refined by experience
Cognitve-Reductionism
People are information processing systems. The theory can be machine reductionist
Cognitive-Determinism
We choose our thoughts and beliefs,but they operate within the limits of what we know and have experienced
Cognitive-Explanation and Treatment
CBT can be used to treat depression. It’s aim is to identify and eradicate faulty thinking which causes disorders
Cognitive-Adding to Psychology as a science
Lab conditions uses technology to understand the brain. It is scientific
Biological-Development
Genetically determined changes in physiology which can influence psychological and behavioural characteristics
Biological-Nature vs Nuture
All behaviour is inherited from our parents “Anatomy is destiny”
Biological-Reductionism
All behaviour is due to genes are neurons. Biologically reductionist
Biological-Determinism
Much of our behaviour is directed by inmate influences. Genetic determinism
Biological-Explanation and Treatment
Disorders are caused by chemical imbalances. This is treated by drug therapy
Biological-Adding to Psychology as a science
Uses scientific methods like brain scans and EEGs
Psychodymanic-Development
Process and concepts relate to psychosocial stages which are age dependent. There is no development once in genital stage
Psychodyamic-Nature vs Nurture
Much of behaviour is driven by biological instincts. Parents relationship plays a role in development
Psychodyamic-Reductionism
Behaviour is influenced by instincts and drives
Personality is a complex interaction between id,ego and superego
Psychodyamic-Determinism
Psychic determinism. We don’t know the unconscious forces that drive out behaviour and is rationalized by conscious
Psychodyamic-Explanation and Treatment
Unconscious conflict and overuse of ego defends mechanisms cause disorders. Treatment can be provided by therapy via psychoanalysis
Psychodyamic-Adding to Psychology as a science
As all behaviour is unconscious, this is untestable. Not scientific
Humanistic-Development
Development of self is a ongoing processing Relationship with parents are a key determiner of psychological health
Humanistic-Nature vs Nuture
Parents,friends and society have a critical impact on their self concept
Humanistic-Reductionism
A holistic approach as it investigates all aspects of a person,including interactions with others
Humanistic-Determinism
We have free will-operate as active beings,determine own development
Humanistic-Explanation and Treatment
Humanistic will close the gap between the self concept and ideal self. This will stimulate personal growth
Humanistic-Adding to Psychology as a science
Has untestable concepts and uses vague terms to describe things. Not scientific
