Communication- Midterm Flashcards
Communication Process
- Encoding
- Channel
- Decoding
- Feedback
Communication Process:
The sender converts a thought, idea, or fact into a message composed of symbols, pictures, or words
Encoding
Communication Process:
The medium used to send message (voice, body language, writing, email, text, etc)
Channel
Communication Process:
The receiver translating the message back into something that can be understood
Decoding
Communication Process:
A check on the success of the communication that makes it two way communication
Feedback
Communication Barriers
- Flirting
- Information Overload
- Noise
- Selective Perception
- Misperception
- Cultural Differences
Communication Process:
Information is intentionally withheld by the sender or ignored or distorted by the receiver in a way that influences the message received
Filtering
Communication Barriers
An abundance of information can make it difficult to process all of it, making clarity and conciseness important in preventing this
Information overload
Communication Barriers:
Anything that blocks, distorts, or changes the message that the sender intended to communicate
ex. stereotypes, biases, moods, etc
Noise
Communication Barriers:
The reciever receives a limited amount of the message based on their expectations and beliefs, usually to reinforce preexisting beliefs.
Selective Perception
Communication Barriers:
The receiver does not understand the message in the way the sender intended
Misperception
Communication Barriers:
Different national cultures have different norms and ways of expressing information and ideas
Cultural Differences
Communications
- Determine the speaker’s motives, self-interest, and expectations of listeners
- Play close attention to individual inferences, facts, and judgments and make connections between what they have heard on multiple occasions
- Give speakers clear nonverbal evidence that they are listening attentively (eye contact, fidget, etc)
- Be respectful by not interrupting and avoiding hostile and condescending tones
- give speakers verbal evidence of listening, including paraphrasing and questioning for clarification
Active Listening- Message decoding & feedback
Communications
Active Listening- Message decoding & feedback
what are the 5?
- Determine the speaker’s motives, self-interest, and expectations of listeners
- Play close attention to individual inferences, facts, and judgments and make connections between what they have heard on multiple occasions
- Give speakers clear nonverbal evidence that they are listening attentively (eye contact, fidget, etc)
- Be respectful by not interrupting and avoiding hostile and condescending tones
- give speakers verbal evidence of listening, including paraphrasing and questioning for clarification
What are the Giving Feedback Tips? (4)
- Collect 360-degree feedback (from managers to employees)
- do your research (personality, opportunity to grow)
- Focus on constructive feedback (positive & negative highest improvement)
- make it personalized (meaningful)
Receiving Feedback Tips (4)
- Ask for it - often (ask directly)
- Dont take it personally
- take note- keep track, document etc
- follow up
What are the 9 types of nonverbal communications?
Facial expressions
gestures
Paralinguistics
Body language and posture
Proxemics
Eye Gaze
Haptics
Appearance
Artifacts
nonverbal communication:
The expression on someones face
Facial expression
nonverbal communication
deliberate movements an signals are an important way to communicate meaning without words
gestures
nonverbal communications
vocal communication that is separate from the actual language
(tone of voice, loud, pitch)
Paralinguistics
nonverbal communications
posture and movement provide info
body language and posture
nonverbal communications
the amount of distance that is needed for “personal space”
Proxemics
nonverbal communication
looing, staring, blicking, etc
eye gaze
nonverbal communication
touch as in affection, sympathy, or to express emotion
haptics
nonverbal communication
choice of clothing, hair, scent, etc.
how you look seems important
appearance
nonverbal communicaiton
objects or images, online, tattoo, art, etc.
artifacts
Communication styles (4)
- Passice
- Passive Aggressive
- Assertive
- Agressive
Communication Styles:
Avoids conflict and priorities the desires and needs of others over one’s own desires and needs
Passive
communication styles:
appears to be cooperating but silently feels or does the opposite of what one is communicating
passive agressive
communication styles
openly communicating ones needs, desires, and ideas while considering the needs of others and not being overbearing
assertive
communication styles
dominates and controls others by blaming, intimidating, criticizing threatening or attacking them
aggressive
