Communicable Disease Flashcards
What is a communicable disease?
A disease that is transmitted from an animal to another animal and animal to a human, a human to another human, or a human to an animal. (direct vs indirect (vector) transmission)
What makes a communicable disease infectious?
causes by infectious agents (TB) or parasites (hookworm).
Food-borne
Salmonella, e.coli, entamoeba histolitica
Water-borne
cholera, rotavirus
sexual or blood-borne
hepatitis, HIV
Inhalation
tuberculosis, influenza, meningitis
non-traumatic contact
anthrax
traumatic contact
rabies
Case:
An individual with a particular disease
Case Fatality Rate:
The proportion of persons with a particular condition (cases) who die from that condition
Control (disease control):
reducing the incidence and prevalence of a disease to an accpetable level
Eradication (of disease):
termination of all cases of a disease and its transmission and the complete elimination of the disease-causing agent.
Palliative Care:
End of life care
Parasite:
An organism that lives in or on another organism and takes it nourishment from that organism.
Endemic-
a disease that is common with a moderately low, but pervasive prevalence
Epidemic-
a disease that has an unexpected and above-average incidence in a specific timeframe
Pandemic-
an epidemic disease of global proportions
What are the hardest hit regions of communicable disease?
Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia
What are some basic ways to control CD?
-improved water, sanitation,elimination of poverty, vaccination, vector control, improved care seeking, disease recognition, treatments, behavioral change
What is the most dangerous vector on earth?
The mosquito is the most dangerous vector on earth
