Common Invasive Imaging Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

What are two examples of biopsies taken under radiological guidance?

A

Core biopsy

Fine needle aspiration (FNA)

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2
Q

Describe how a core biopsy is taken and why

A

Using 14-18 g needle

For histopathology

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3
Q

Describe how an FNA is taken and why

A

Using a 20-25 g needle
For cytopathology
Can also be sent for microbiology

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4
Q

Why may aspirations be taken?

A

Suspected abscesses

Joint effusions

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5
Q

What two imaging modalities are most imaging guided biopsies and aspirations performed using?

A

Ultrasound

CT

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6
Q

Why is a hook-wire or carbon track injection done in the breast (using ultrasound)?

A

Aid surgical excision of impalpable lesions

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7
Q

Define pleurocentesis

A

Aspiration of pleural effusion

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8
Q

Define paracentesis

A

Aspiration of ascites

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9
Q

What sort of imaging are pleurocentesis and paracentesis usually performed using?

A

Ultrasound

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10
Q

What is an antegrade pyelogram?

A
Needle injection of contrast into pelvicalyceal system
Initial step for insertion of 
- Nephrostomy drainage catheter
- Ureteric stent
- Stone removal
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11
Q

What is nephrostomy?

A

Drainage catheter inserted into pelvicalyceal system usually to relieve obstruction

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12
Q

What is suprapubic catheter insertion?

A

Urinary bladder catheter inserted

Used where urethral catheter can’t be passed/not desirable

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13
Q

What is percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram (PTC)?

A

Used in initial part of

  • Transhepatic biliary drainage/stent insertion
  • Stricture dilatation/stone removal
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14
Q

What are two examples of percutaneous oncology treatments?

A

Tumour ablation
- Radiofrequency ablation
- Microwave ablation
Transarterial chemoembolisation/irradiation
- Chemotherapeutic/radioactive agents selectively delivered to arteries supplying tumour

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15
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the aorta?

A

Aneurysms
Dissection
Stenosis

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16
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the cerebral vessels?

A

Berry aneurysms

Haemorrhage

17
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the carotid arteries?

A

Stenosis

Occlusion

18
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the renal vessels?

A

Stenosis

Haemorrhage

19
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the mesenteric vessels?

A

Haemorrhage

20
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the peripheral vessels?

A

Stenosis
Occlusion
Aneurysm

21
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the coronary vessels?

A

Stenosis

Occlusionq

22
Q

What is percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)?

A

Balloon dilatation of vascular stenosis

23
Q

What is a vascular stent?

A

Implanted metallic device for maintaining vascular lumen post angioplasty

24
Q

What is thrombolysis?

A

Dissolution of clot

25
What is thrombectomy or embolectomy?
Removal of clot
26
What is atherectomy?
Removal of atheroma
27
What is embolisation?
Occlusion of vessels using particulate matter/fine coils; eg: to treat bleeding
28
How does digital subtraction angiography (DSA) work?
1st exposure made just before contrast injected Imaged subtracted from subsequent images Only blood vessels with contrast shown Create cleaner diagnostic image
29
What is the check list for preparing for invasive radiological procedures?
Right procedure? Right modality? Bleeding risk issues Explanantion and consent Check renal function - if contrast needed Check local policy on withholding metformin in diabetics Fasting if sedation needed