Common Infections Flashcards
Late onset GBS accounts for what proportion of cases?
~1/3
Common causative agents for neonatal conjunctivitis? (3)
Chlamydia trachomatis
Neisseia gonorrhea
HSV
Causative agents, conjunctivitis older child/infant?
Bacterial:
H. influenzae
S. pneumoniae
Viral: Adenovirus (~20% cases)
Rx: topical chloramphenicol
Hallmarks of orbital cellulitis?
In conjunction with fever, peri-orbital swelling, conjunctivitis, patients will also have;
Proptosis
Ophthalmoplegia
Decreased visual acuity
Causative agents, Orbital/Periorbital cellulitis?
Strep pyogenes
Strep pneumoniae
Staph aureas
Rx: IV Ceftriaxone + IV Fluclox
Most common bacterial cause of pharyngitis in children?
Group A strep (15-30% of cases)
Overall VIRAL causes much more common
If concern re: GAS, Rx as follows;
10/7 PO penicillin/erythromycin
Stat dose IM Procaine penicillin or Benzathine Pen G
Acute rheumatic fever is associated with which M types of GAS?
Types 3 and 18 serotypes
Post-strep GN is associated with type 12
RSV prophylaxis is with?
Palivizumab (monoclonal antibody)
Bacterial Pneumoniae suspected to be secondary to Staph Aureus should be treated with what?
Flucloxacillin + Gentamicin (synergistic)
- as per RCH website
Mycoplasma Pneumonia is managed with?
Macrolides (azithromycin/clarithromyin/erythromycin)
Most common causes of bacterial meningitis in children <2mths?
GBS
E coli
Listeria Monocytogenes
Most common causes of bacterial meningitis >2mths?
Strep pneumoniae
Neisseria meningiditis
HiB (unimmunised)
Empirical antibiotics for <2mths suspected bacterial meningitis?
IV Cefotaxime + Benzylpenicillin
Empirical therapy for >2mths suspected bacterial meningitis?
IV Ceftriaxone (3rd gen cef.)
Galactosemia predisposed to which meningitis?
E. coli meninigitis (and septicaemia)
C5-C8 complement deficiencies are predisposed to which causative agent (meningitis)?
N. Meningitidis
Kids with VP shunts get what type of meningitis?
Staphylococcal meningitis (most commonly CONS)
Hand, foot and mouth disease is most commonly caused by what?
Coxsackie A virus
or enterovirus 71
Most common causes of chronic, unilateral discoloured lymphadenopathy?
Atypical mucobacterium
Cat scratch
TB
Causes of chronic bilateral lymphadenopathy?
EBV
CMV
Causes of acute unilateral lymphadenopathy?
Staph aureas, Group A strep, anaerobes
Causes of acute bilateral lymphadenopathy?
Rhinovirus, EBV, HSV, adenovirus, enterovirus, Group A Strep
Complications of mycoplasma infection include? (5)
Erythema multiforme SJS Erythema nodosum Encephalitis Transverse myelitis
Most common infectious cause of acute chest syndrome in patients wtih sickle cell disease?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Antibiotic choice for patient with intra-cerebral abscess?
Ceftriaxone + metronidazole
Campylobacter jejuni infection has a strong association with which neurological Cx?
Guillian-Barre syndrome
- Miller-Fisher variant
Erythema infectiosum is also called what?
What infection is this secondary to?
5ths disease
Pavovirus B19
