common 5 Flashcards
obsequious
چاپلوس like sycophant
ingratiating or servile manner
The waiter was polite and efficient, but not obsequious.
The salesman’s obsequious manner was beginning to irritate me.
inscrutable
difficult to understand like recondite, abstruse, elliptical
Any person or thing that’s mysterious, mystifying, hard to read, or impossible to interpret is inscrutable
haphazard
disorganized or random
a haphazard way/manner/fashion
I continued my studies in a rather haphazard way.
Educational provision in the country is haphazard.
—haphazardly adverb
bushes growing haphazardly here and there
precipitous
1 extremely steep
A sharp, steep drop — whether it’s in a stock price, a roller coaster, or a star’s popularity — could be described as a precipitous one. Put simply, precipitous means perilously steep.
2 happening or done too quickly, and not thought about carefully.like impetuous.
بدون فکر قبلی و خیلی سریع عین ممد
a precipitous marriage
propitious
promising. Auspicious
good and likely to bring good results
a propitious sign
Conditions after the 1905 revolution were propitious for stable development.
scrupulous
1 having extreme care and great effort on something
because of scrupulous nature, Mary put him in charge of numbering,,
2 having a sense of right and wrong, principled
everyone trusted him because he was scrupulous and honest.
با وجدان
tempered
1 حرارت دیده
“a sword of tempered steel”
“tempered glass”
2 moderated in effect اونقدر شور و تاب قدیمو نداره دیگه almost like tarnished
the optimism of her youth was now tempered after she had worked many years in the criminal justice center.
munificent
very generous like largess
meaning you are very lavish when it comes to giving gifts.
“a munificent gift”
“his father gave him a half-dollar and his mother a quarter and he thought them munificent”
intrepid
fearless - brave
intrepid explorers
intrepid captain
ravenous
extremely hungry - even more than starving
ravenous appetite
When they awoke on the third morning, they were ravenous.
The boys ran in, ravenous after their game.
rescind
verb cancel officially or to end a law
Like revoke abrogate
the man’s driver license was rescind after his car accident.
insolent
rude or arrogant. Impudent.impertinent
Lilian could not help from being insolent, commenting that the Queen’s shoes were showing too much toe.
hegemony
dominance over a certain area. like ascendancy
Spain had hegemony over the seas, controlling water stretching
austere
1 plain(simple & obvious) and simple and without any decoration
the church’s austere simplicity
2 someone who is austere is very strict and harsh in manner– used to show disapproval
Her father is a very austere man.
3 an austere way of life is very simple and has few things to make it comfortable or enjoyable opp luxurious,
like ascetic practicing self-denial
Cuthbert led an austere life of prayer and solitude.
ostracize
exclude. Expel from a community
Tolstoy was ostracized from the Orthodox church for his writings that contradicted church doctrine.
vacillate
1 unable to decide. You might vacillate between ordering waffles and pancakes at your favorite diner — it’s hard to pick just one when both are so tasty!
some students vacillate between schools, while others focus one school.
Vacillation=irresolution
2 fluctuate
poignant
حزن انگیز - بغض میاره واست
emotionally touching
making you feel sad or full of pity
poignant reminder/image/moment etc
a poignant reminder of our nation’s great sacrifices
arcane
Something arcane is understood or known by only a few people.
like arcane science
requiring mysterious knowledge
Like esoteric
reverent
feeling or showing profound respect or veneration
the professor always lecture about brathma with a particularly reverent air, unable to offer a single criticism of him.
like deferential
Reverence: great respect and admiration
dilettante
تازه کاره بعد ادعا هم داره
like who thinks he can play the guitar after several short lessons.
garrulous
کس شر گو
A garrulous person just won’t stop talking (and talking, and talking, and talking…).
subversive
زیر اب زن - برانداز
subversive ideas, activities etc are secret and intended to damage or destroy a government or an established system
He was engaged in subversive activities.
subversive propaganda/literature
foment
داستان درست کردن - مشگل راه انداختن
foment revolution/trouble/discord etc
to cause trouble and make people start fighting each other or opposing the government SYN stir up
They were accused of fomenting rebellion.
sporadic
happening fairly often, but not regularly SYN intermittent almost like haphazard
There has been sporadic violence downtown.
the signals were sporadic at first, but now they are clear and consistent.
pernicious
exceedingly harmful
harmful and subtle, such as a poison gas that causes illness in those exposed to it over the years.
the pernicious effects of watching too much TV and playing video games all day
HIV has a pernicious effect.
like insidious
trite
banal
overfamiliar through overuse
tractable
readily reacting to suggestions and influences, easily managed or controlled. like docile. Acquiescent(too ready to agree)
رام - سست مهار
The issues have proved to be less tractable than expected.
“tractable young minds”
readily
1 quickly and easily
Boats are readily available to visitors.
The information is readily accessible on the Internet.
2 quickly, willingly, and without complaining
Jack readily agreed to help.
antithetical
sharply contrasted
Something is antithetical when it is in complete and utter opposition to the character of something. If you’re a vegetarian, eating giant T-bone steaks is antithetical to your beliefs.
sanction
sanctions تحریم
2 official permission, approval, or acceptance SYN approval countenance(verb)
Apparently, the aide had acted without White House sanction.
3 a form of punishment that can be used if someone disobeys a rule or law SYN punishment
the harshest possible sanction which could be imposed
arbitrary
random کس شر.. بدون پیوستگی desultory
he asked me random questions about my grand grand father.
Team members would dislike their coach using a totally arbitrary method to pick starting players.
“an arbitrary decision”
“the arbitrary rule of a dictator”
“an arbitrary penalty”
“of arbitrary size and shape”
“an arbitrary choice”
“arbitrary division of the group into halves”
irrevocable
پس ناگرفتنی
مثل جنس فروخته شده
once you enter your plea to the court, it is irrevocable so think carefully about what you will say.
revoke like abolish rescind abrogate suspend
to officially state that a law, decision, or agreement is no longer effective → revocation
Their work permits have been revoked.
audacity
have the audacity to do something وقاحت - رو
heroism - insolence - impertinence - gall - boldness - effrontery
I can’t believe he had the audacity to ask me for more money!
brazen
پررویی
her brazen admission that she was cheating on him
At first I was scared, but as I went on, I became more brazen.
We could go in and pass ourselves off as invited guests by being brazen.
circumscribe
limit - restrict - confine - qualify
The president’s power is circumscribed by Congress and the Supreme Court.
you might circumscribe your TV-watching time to one hour daily.
restrain : control
winsome
charming in a childlike or naive way.
Maria brought along her eldest daughter - a winsome girl with brown eyes and a ready smile.
myriad
a large indefinite number
a myriad of stars
prolific
intellectually productive
A prolific songwriter can churn out five hit tunes before breakfast.
admonish
to warn strongly, even to the point of reprimanding.
before the concert began, security personnel admonished the crowd not to come up on stage during the performance.
pedestrian
lacking imagination
not interesting; showing very little imagination:
Her books, with few exceptions, are workmanlike but pedestrian.
His speech was long and pedestrian.
pedestrian concerns like how to earn a salary and run a household.
prodigious
extremely great in ability, amount, or strength:
She wrote a truly prodigious number of novels.
She was a prodigious musician.
He had a prodigious appetite for both women and drink.
prodigy
a young person who has a great natural ability in a subject or skill → genius
child/infant prodigy
Mozart was a musical prodigy.
repudiate
reject as untrue and unfounded deny
he repudiates the rumors about UFOs.
lionize
To lionize someone is to see them as important as a lion. Republicans continue to lionize Ronald Reagan as their ultimate hero.
accolade
an award or praise granted as a special honor.
Jean Paul was not a fan of accolades, and as such, he refused to accept the Nobel Prize for literature in 1964.
resurgent
Something resurgent comes back to life or is reinvigorated. An old song’s popularity might be resurgent after it’s featured on the soundtrack of a popular new movie.
دوباره برگشته ب اوج
Like atavism
invigorate
to make someone feel fresher, healthier, and more energetic:
We were invigorated by our walk.
constituent
1 a voter (= person who can vote) in a particular area of the country:
The MP worked hard, always talking to his constituents and listening to their problems.
2 one of the parts that a substance or combination is made of: like component
What are the basic constituents of the mixture?
inimical
1 hostile, like antagonistic
“an inimical critic”
2 making it difficult for something to exist or happen
a cold, inimical climate
inimical to
conditions inimical to development
inveterate
خو گرفته _ سابقه دار _ ریشه دار
he is an inveterate smoker.
1→inveterate liar/smoker/womanizer etc
2→inveterate fondness/distrust/hatred etc
gauche
rude and tacky and awkward
“too gauche to leave the room when the conversation became intimate”
“their excellent manners always made me feel gauche”
sycophant
A sycophant is a person who tries to win favor from wealthy or influential people by flattering them. Also known as brown-nosers, teacher’s pets or suck-ups. جان نثار
like obsequious. Blandishment. Vaunt Sycophant. Fawn. Ingratiate. Toady
taciturn
uncommunicative
Reticent or reserved
