COLLAPSE OF COLD WAR Flashcards

1
Q

what happens at the end of the fall of the satellite states 1989

A
  • november 1989 - velvet revolution, czechoslovakia
  • december 1989 - malta summit
  • december 1989 - uprising against communist dictator in romania
  • january 1990 - ussr the only remaining communist of the estern bloc
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2
Q

list the events of the fall of the berlin wall

A
  • anger growing towards east german government - lack of freedom & restrictions
  • 1987 - pressure from usa to get rid of berlin wall
  • 1988 - conert in east berlin 300,000 attendees
  • august 1989 - after hungary opens border with austria, east german government tries to prevent people from going
  • september 1989 - protests begin in liepzig, october - protests grow to 70000 people weekly (encouraged protests in berlin and east german cities)
  • november 1989 - egone krenz discusses how to stop the people leaving via hungary. agree to open border on 10th november 9am
  • 9th november - gunter schabowski held a press conference, made the mistake of opening the border too early
  • many flocked to the crossings
  • harald jager (crossing guard) decides to open gates
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3
Q

what happens at the middle of the fall of the satellite states 1989

A
  • august 1989 - 1st non communist pm in poland since 1946
  • september 1989 - hungary opens border with austria
  • october 1989 - czechoslovakian and polish governments allow east germans to enter west embassies
  • october 1989 - east german leader replaced
  • 9th november 1989 - berlin wall comes down
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4
Q

what happens at the beginning of the fall of the satellite states 1989

A
  • december 1988 - ideology should play less important part in soviet foreign policy
  • march 1989 - sinatra doctrine
  • april 1989 - troops leave hungary
  • june 1989 - free elections in poland
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5
Q

list gorbachev’s summits and its outcomes

A
  • november 1985 geneva - gorbachev and reagan meet for the first time
  • october 1986 reykjavik - couldnt agree to give up sdi
  • december 1987 washington - signed the inf treaty (first time actually destroy weapons)
  • 1988 moscow - inf details resolved , reduction of warsaw troops, soviet forces leave afghanistan
    1989 malta - gorbachev and bush, marking end of the cold war
    1990 paris - cfe agreement signed, limits the non nuclear forces that warsaw pact and nato could have in europe
    1991 moscow - start 1 signed (nuclear weapons reduced by a third)
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6
Q

why was sinatra doctrine necessary and what dangers were posed

A

necessary
- cost of arms in satellite states - contradicts glasnost
dangers
- loss of control

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7
Q

why was glasnost necessary and what dangers were posed

A

necessary
- people should not need to fear the state
- propaganda in the west
dangers
- reforms could lead to criticism of communism and government
- commuism could be overthrown, west could take over

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8
Q

why was perestroika necessary and what dangers were posed

A

necessary
- cold war draining the economy
- low standard of living was striking unrest
dangers
- economy worsened - not well executed /planned
- economy had been bad for 40yrs on tipping point

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9
Q

what was the sinatra doctrine

A

freedom od choice for ussr states to make their own decions - cancels brezhnev doctrine

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10
Q

list the opinions of gorbachev in the west and east

A

west
- nobel peace prize
- chamred us citizens
east
- giving away empire (not recieving anything back)
- went out to talk to the people 1985 - friendly and approachable

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11
Q

what did glasnost and perestroika mean

A

glasnost - openness, freedom of speech, greater democracy
perestroika - restructuring, reform of economy

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