Cold Weather Operations

Question 1

Cuando esta prohibido el uso de ATM (Tº asumida) para el despegue?

Answer 1

• PISTA CONTAMINADA, CON AGUA, SLUSH, SNOW,
  ICE.
• PROBABILIDAD DE OCURRENCIA DE WIND SHEAR.
• ANTISKID INOPERATIVO
• EEC INOP
• CUANDO EL CRITERIO DEL COMANDANTE NO LO
  ACONSEJE.

Question 2

Icing conditions?

Answer 2

OAT below 10º & visible moisture (fog less than 1600m) or ice, snow, slush or standing water is present on the ramps, taxiways or runways.

Question 3

Que es aceptable durante la inspección exterior?

Answer 3

Takeoff with light coatings of frost up to 3mm in thickness on lower wing surfaces due to cold fuel is allowable.

Question 4

Cuando deben conectarse los probe heat ON?

Answer 4

Al terminar el Preflight Procedure

Question 5

Engine warm up

Answer 5

2 minutes

Question 6

What may happen with de OIL FILTER BYPASS light during start?

Answer 6

Several minutes to oil press reach normal. Doing this oil press may go above normal range and OIL FILTER BYPASS may illuminate.

If the oil press remains above normal range after the oil temp has stabilized, shut down the engine

Question 7

Engine Anti-Ice on the ground?

Answer 7

Immediatly after both engines start and remain on during all ground operations when icing conditions exist

Question 8

APU operation during de icing procedure?

Answer 8

Operate the APU during de-icing only if necessary. If the APU is running, ingestion of de-icing fluid causes objectionable fumes and odors to enter the airplane. Ingestion of snow, slush, ice, or de-icing/anti-icing fluid can also cause damage to the APU.

Question 9

What should we do if the COWL VALVE OPEN lights remain illuminated bright with engines at IDLE? ( on the ground)

Answer 9

• verify APU BLEED air switch is in the OFF position
• verify ISOLATION VALVE switch is in the AUTO position
• check that the area around the airplane is clear, and
• increase thrust slightly (up to a maximum of 30% N1).

Question 10

Wing Anti-ice on the ground?

Answer 10

Use it during all ground operations between eng start and T.O when icing conditions exist, unless the airplane is or will be protected by Type II o Type IV fluid

Question 11

Recommended flap actions before taxi?

Answer 11

Move the flaps from up to full down and then back up to ensure freedom of movement;

If taxi route is through ice, snow, slush or standing water in low Tº, taxi out with the flaps up

Question 12

Run UP during taxi out?

Answer 12

When eng anti-ice is needed and Tº is below 3º, do an engine run up. Run up to a minimum of 70% for 30 sec, intervals no greater than 30 min

Question 12

How much time do we have to wait after de-icing is complete to turn ON ENG BLEED?

Answer 12

1 minute to ensure the fluid has been cleared

Question 13

ENG BLEEDS and APU BLEED switches during de icing procedure should be…

Answer 13

OFF and remain that way for 1 more minute after procedure is completed

Question 15

Take off procedure with ENG ANTI ICE ON and T* below 3*C?

Answer 15

When eng anti-ice is required and Tº is below 3º, must do a static engine run up.

Run up to a minimum of 70% N1 and confirm stable engine operation. A 30 sec run up is highly recommended

Question 16

Golden rule of ENG ANTI ICING?

Answer 16

Do not rely on airframe visual icing cues before activating engine anti–ice. Use the temperature and visible moisture criteria because late activation of engine anti-ice may allow excessive ingestion of ice and result in engine damage or failure.

Question 17

When should we perform run ups at aprox 70% N1 for 1 second and intervals no greater than 10 minutes?

Answer 17

When operating in conditions of freezing rain, freezing drizzle, freezing fog or heavy snow, run-ups to a minimum of 70% N1 for approximately 1 second duration at intervals no greater than 10 minutes enhance ice shedding.

Question 18

Difference between wing anti-ice as a de-icer and a anti-icer?

Answer 18

Wing anti-ice as a de-icer:

allow ice to accumulate before turning on, this provides the cleanest airfoil surface and the least possible runback ice formation

As a anti-icer:

use it before ice accumulation. Use this method only extended operations in icing conditions, such as holding;

Question 19

Holding in icing conditions with flaps extended is?

Answer 19

Prohibited

Question 20

Use of wing anti-ice above aprox FL350 may cause…

Answer 20

BLEED TRIP OFF AND LOSS OF CABIN PRESSURE

Question 21

After landing flap operation?

Answer 21

After prolonged operation in icing conditions with the flaps extended, or airframe ice is observed, or taxiway contamined with ice, snow, slus or standing water do not retract the flaps less than flaps 15

Question 22

Where Ice Crystal Icing can be encontered?

Answer 22

Can be encontered al Tº below freezing near convective weather.

They are often found above or near regions of heavy precipitation.

Question 23

Where Ice crystals can accumulate and what can this cause?

Answer 23

Ice crystals can accumulate aft of the engine fan in the engine core.

This can cause:
• Eng vibration;
• Eng power loss;
• Eng damage;

Question 24

Why is difficult to detect I.C.I?

Answer 24

I.C.I is difficult to detect because ice crystals do not cause significant weather radar returns.

Question 25

Presence of ICI indicated by

Answer 25

• Appearance of rain on the windshield at Tº too
cold for liquid water to exist. This is due to ice
crystals melting on the heated windshield;

• Areas of light to moderate turbulence;

• No significant airframe icing and no significant
weather returns;

• Heavy precipitation below the airplane;

• Cloud tops above typical levels (above the
tropopause);

• Smell of ozone or sulfur

• Static discharge around the windshield (St. Elmo`s
fire);