Cold Weather/Ice And Rain Flashcards
Ground Ice Shedding Procedures before T/O
FCOM / SUP-PRO. pwr plant 300-243F
In position and Holding on the Runway:
With Freezing Fog….-7c… >_1c. 50% N1 for 1 minute
For A330 GE engines
SOP / AFTER START
60% of N1 for 30’s intervals not to exceed 30 minutes
In heavy freezing conditions, rain,drizzle,fog or snow intervals
Not to exceed 10 minutes
AND JUST BEFORE TAKEOFF AND MONITOR ENGINE PARAMETERS
Window heat system:
Auto when eng is running or in flight
Or when switch is on
Ice indicator and detection system
Ice indicator located between the two windshields
Ice detection 2 separate ice detection probes on FWD LWR section of fuselage.
Operates automatically and starts at engine PWR up and indicates thru the “Memo” display
What are the 4 conditions with which a First Officer is not permitted
To T/O or Land ??
A). Runway is contaminated or slippery.
B). X-wind is 15 kts or greater
C). Vis/RVR and ceiling is 600 m / 200 feet
D). Airport is a Category C.
D/A on the Grd…
When is T/O not permitted?
If snow, frost, or ice is adhering to the Wings, Control surfaces, and engines of the aircraft.
- . Freezing Rain
- . Heaven Ice Pellets
- . Snow pellets
- . Heavy falls of wet snow at temperature of around 0’c
- . Hail
- . Any frozen contaminate adhering to any of the aircraft critical surface
Explain the affects of the slightest build up of ice, frost or snow on the airplane , critical parts, control surfaces, etc… .
A small amount can result in as much as a 30% loss in lift!!
And up to 40% increase in drag !!
Critical with loss of an engine and
A contaminated wing will stall at less than a normal angle and this May not activate the “Stall WRNG” system.
What is “LOUT” ?
Lowest Operational Use Temperature
Ground and Flight procedures for D/A icing the aircraft, starts with?
A. Type of fluid and hold over time compared to the expected hold over time.
B. An Authorized Engineer for the supervision and communication to the Captain after completion: “for Tech Log Entry”
Start time
Stop time
Type of fluid
Mix ratio
Who has operational responsibility with the D/A icing and when does it
Responsibility transfer to the Captain?
At the moment the aircraft starts moving under its own power.
Checks to determine the need of D/A ice?
Wing and all surfaces Air Data Probes Static Vents Angle of attack sensors Control surfaces A maximum of 3 mm of front under the wing is allowed
Below 15’c on the ground! what Cockpit precautions should take place?
APU Star should be done with external power
IRS alignment may take 15 minutes
Probe and window heat on
E.g. Anti Icing code of “Type 2/75 13:35. Means what?
ISO Type II
25% water
Commencing at 13:35
This must be entered in the Tech Log.
Considerations for contaminated Taxi ways?
Speed should be limited to 10 kts ( anti-skid not active below 20 kts)
Engine anti ice increases ground thrust
Use of differential braking or thrust might be more efficient
Flap selection should be delayed until reaching the holding point
Flap retraction should not be done until an inspection is completed
Keep enough distance from the preceding aircraft/F.O.D.
When would a contamination check have to be performed after the
The D/A icing completion ?
When the hold over time has expired
The check has to be accomplished by a “Authorized Person”
In good conditions of lighting and visibility, the check and be performed from inside the cabin.
T/O performance and Landing considerations
Flex cannot be used on contaminated runways
Anti ice requires performance penalties
Contamination increases take off roll and
increases landing “Roll Out”
**screen height ( net flight path ) clears obstacles by:
15 feet instead of 35 feet ****
What is the definition of sevear icing?
5 mm or more ice accretion
Flex Takeoff should not be used when ?
A. Contaminated runway
B. Friction Coefficient is Below “ 0.4”
C. Windshear expected.
