Cold War

Question 1

The Philiippines

Answer 1

a Southeast Asian country in the Western Pacific, comprising more than 7,000 islands.

Question 2

Burma

Answer 2

a Southeast Asian nation of more than 100 ethnic groups, bordering India, Bangladesh, China, Laos and Thailand.

Question 3

Geneva Accords

Answer 3

The Geneva Agreements of 1954 (also, “Geneva Accords”) arranged a settlement which brought about an end to the First Indochina War.

Question 4

TET Offensive

Answer 4

one of the largest military campaigns of the Vietnam War, launched on January 30, 1968, by forces of the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese People’s Army of Vietnam against the forces of the South Vietnamese Army of the Republic of Vietnam, the United States Armed Forces, and their allies.

Question 5

Vietnam

Answer 5

a Southeast Asian country on the South China Sea known for its beaches, rivers, Buddhist pagodas and bustling cities.

Question 6

Ho chi Minh

Answer 6

born Nguyễn Sinh Cung, also known as Nguyễn Tất Thành and Nguyễn Ái Quốc, was a Vietnamese Communist revolutionary leader who was Chairman and First secretary of the Workers’ Party of Vietnam.

Question 7

Paris Peace Accords

Answer 7

an agreement between the government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam), the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam (PRG), the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam), and the United States to bring an end to the Vietnam War.

Question 8

Laos

Answer 8

a Southeast Asian country traversed by the Mekong River and known for mountainous terrain, French colonial architecture, hill tribe settlements and Buddhist monasteries.

Question 9

Cambodia

Answer 9

a Southeast Asian nation whose landscape spans low-lying plains, the Mekong Delta, mountains and Gulf of Thailand coastline.

Question 10

Mugabe

Answer 10

Robert Gabriel Mugabe is a Zimbabwean revolutionary and politician who has governed the Republic of Zimbabwe as its President since 1987, having previously governed as its Prime Minister from 1980 to 1987.

Question 11

Belgian Congo

Answer 11

a Belgian colony in Central Africa between 1908 and 1960 in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Colonial rule in the Congo began in the late 19th century.

Question 12

Israel

Answer 12

a Middle Eastern country on the Mediterranean Sea, is regarded by Jews, Christians and Muslims as the biblical Holy Land.

Question 13

Palestine

Answer 13

a geographical and historical region in the Middle East

Question 14

Suez Crisis

Answer 14

also named the Tripartite Aggression and the Kadesh Operation or Sinai War, was an invasion of Egypt in late 1956 by Israel, followed by the United Kingdom and France.

Question 15

Ayatollah Khomeini

Answer 15

known in the Western world as Ayatollah Khomeini, was an Iranian Shia Muslim religious leader, philosopher, revolutionary, and politician.

Question 16

Six Day War

Answer 16

also known as the June War, 1967 Arab–Israeli War, or Third Arab–Israeli War, was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967 by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt, Jordan, and Syria.

Question 17

Yasir

Answer 17

an indirect Quranic name for boys that means “easy” (opposite difficult), “right-handed”.

Question 18

Arafat

Answer 18

Mohammed Yasser Abdel Rahman Abdel Raouf Arafat al-Qudwa, popularly known as Yasser Arafat or by his kunya Abu Ammar, was a Palestinian political leader.

Question 19

Camp David Accords

Answer 19

agreements between Israel and Egypt signed on September 17, 1978

Question 20

Nehru-Ghandi

Answer 20

a prominent Indian political dynasty, which primarily consisted of Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi and her descendants.

Question 21

OPEC

Answer 21

a group consisting of 12 of the world’s major oil-exporting nations.

Question 22

Kwame Nkrmah

Answer 22

a Ghanaian nationalist leader who led the Gold Coast’s independence from Britain and presided over its emergence as the new nation of Ghana.

Question 23

Ghana

Answer 23

a nation on West Africa’s Gulf of Guinea, is known for diverse wildlife, old forts and secluded beaches, such as at Busua.

Question 24

Kenya

Answer 24

a country in East Africa with coastline on the Indian Ocean. It encompasses savannah, lakelands, the dramatic Great Rift Valley and mountain highlands.

Question 25

Pan-Iranism

Answer 25

an ideology that advocates solidarity and reunification of Iranian peoples living in the Iranian plateau and other regions that have significant Iranian cultural influence, including the Persians, Azerbaijanis, Ossetians, Kurds, Zazas, Tajiks of Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Afghanistan, the Pashtuns and the Baloch of Pakistan.

Question 26

J)mo Kenyetta

Answer 26

a Kenyan politician who governed the Republic of Kenya as Prime Minister from 1963 to 1964 and then as President from 1964 to 1978. He was the first person to hold that latter post. He led the Kenya African National Union party.

Question 27

Mau Mau Uprising

Answer 27

also known as the Mau Mau Rebellion, Mau Mau Revolt, or Kenya Emergency, was a military conflict that took place in British Kenya between 1952 and 1960.

Question 28

Quang Duc

Answer 28

a Vietnamese Mahayana Buddhist monk who burned himself to death at a busy Saigon road intersection on 11 June 1963. Quang Duc was protesting the persecution of Buddhists by the South Vietnamese government led by Ngô Đình Diệm.

Question 29

Zaibatsu

Answer 29

a large Japanese business conglomerate.

Question 30

Scap

Answer 30

(originally briefly styled Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers) was the title held by General Douglas MacArthur during the Allied occupation of Japan following World War II.

Question 31

Khmer Rouge

Answer 31

the name given to the followers of the Communist Party of Kampuchea in Cambodia.

Question 32

Religious Fundementalism

Answer 32

refers to the belief of an individual or a group of individuals in the absolute authority of a sacred religious text or teachings of a particular religious leader, prophet,and/ or God .

Question 33

State Capitalism

Answer 33

a political system in which the state has control of production and the use of capital.

Question 34

Muslim League

Answer 34

a political party established during the early years of the 20th century in the British Indian Empire.

Question 35

Indian National Congress

Answer 35

a broad-based political party in India. Founded in 1885, the Congress led India to independence from Great Britain, and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.

Question 36

Dalai Lama

Answer 36

important monks of the Gelug school, the newest school of Tibetan Buddhism which is nominally headed by the Ganden Tripas.

Question 37

Singapore

Answer 37

an island city-state off southern Malaysia, is a global financial center with a tropical climate and multicultural population.

Question 38

Hong Kong

Answer 38

an autonomous territory, and former British colony, in southeastern China.

Question 39

West Bank

Answer 39

a landlocked territory near the Mediterranean coast of Western Asia, forming the bulk of territory now under Israeli control, or else under joint Israeli-Palestinian Authority control, and which final status of the entire area is yet to be determined by the parties concerned.

Question 40

Mohammad Mossadegh

Answer 40

an Iranian politician. He was the head of a democratically elected government, holding office as the Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 until 1953, when his government was overthrown in a coup d’état aided by the United States’ Central Intelligence Agency and the United Kingdom’s Secret Intelligence Service.

Question 41

Iranian Revolution

Answer 41

(also known as the Islamic Revolution or the 1979 Revolution) refers to events involving the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty under Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, who was supported by the United States, and its eventual replacement with an Islamic Republic under the Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the revolution, supported by various leftist and Islamist organizations and student movements.

Question 42

Saddam Hussein

Answer 42

the fifth President of Iraq, serving in this capacity from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003.

Question 43

Iran Contra Affair

Answer 43

also referred to as Irangate, Contragate or the Iran–Contra scandal, was a political scandal in the United States that occurred during the second term of the Reagan Administration.

Question 44

PLO

Answer 44

an organization founded in 1964 with the purpose of the “liberation of Palestine” through armed struggle, with much of its violence aimed at Israeli civilians.

Question 45

Kibbutz

Answer 45

a collective community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture.

Question 46

Balfour Declaration

Answer 46

a single paragraph in a letter dated 2 November 1917 from the United Kingdom’s Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour to Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild, a leader of the British Jewish community, for transmission to the Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland.

Question 47

Bhutto

Answer 47

the 11th Prime Minister of Pakistan and the leader of the centre-left Pakistan Peoples Party. She was the first woman to head a Muslim majority nation.

Question 48

Taliban

Answer 48

alternatively spelled Taleban, which recently changed their name and identity to Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a Sunni Islamic fundamentalist political movement in Afghanistan currently waging war within that country.