Chapter 10 - The Reformation in Europe Flashcards
Anglican
a tradition within Christianity comprising the Church of England and churches which are historically tied to it or hold similar beliefs, worship practices and church structures.
95 Theses
a list of propositions for an academic disputation written by Martin Luther in 1517.
Counter Information
the movement within the Roman Catholic Church in the 16th and 17th centuries that tried to eliminate abuses within that church and to respond to the Protestant Reformation.
Zwingli An
a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland.
Ignatius of Loyola
a Spanish knight from a local Basque noble family, hermit, priest since 1537, and theologian, who founded the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) and, on 19 April 1541, became its first Superior General.
Council of Trent
one of the Roman Catholic Church’s most important ecumenical councils.
Jesuits
a male religious congregation of the Catholic Church. The members are called Jesuits.
City-State
a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.
Scientific Revolution
the emergence of modern science during the early modern period, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology (including human anatomy) and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature.
Heliocentric Theory
a model of the solar system that posits a central place for the Sun, with the planets orbiting it.
Roger Bacon
an English philosopher and Franciscan friar who placed considerable emphasis on the study of nature through empirical methods.
Copernicus
a Renaissance mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe, possibly independently of Aristarchus of Samos, who had formulated such a model before Copernicus.
Kepler
a German mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer.
Galileo
an Italian polymath: astronomer, physicist, engineer, philosopher, and mathematician, he played a major role in the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century.
Scientific Method
a method of procedure that has characterized natural science since the 17th century, consisting in systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses.
