Chapter 9 - The Renaissance in Europe

Question 1

Renaissance

Answer 1

The humanistic revival of classical art, architecture, literature, and learning that originated in Italy in the 14th century and later spread throughout Europe. b. The period of this revival, roughly the 14th through the 16th century, marking the transition from medieval to modern times.

Question 2

Milan

Answer 2

a metropolis in Italy’s northern Lombardy region, is a global capital of fashion and design. Home to the national stock exchange, it’s a financial hub also known for its high-end restaurants and shops.

Question 3

Venice

Answer 3

the capital of northern Italy’s Veneto region, is built on more than 100 small islands in a lagoon in the Adriatic Sea.

Question 4

Florence

Answer 4

capital of Italy’s Tuscany region, is home to many masterpieces of Renaissance art and architecture.

Question 5

Rome

Answer 5

a sprawling, cosmopolitan city with nearly 3,000 years of globally influential art, architecture and culture on display.

Question 6

Medici Family

Answer 6

an Italian banking family, political dynasty and later royal house that first began to gather prominence under Cosimo de’ Medici in the Republic of Florence during the first half of the 15th century.

Question 7

Humanism

Answer 7

an outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters.

Question 8

Machiavelli

Answer 8

an outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters.

Question 9

Perspective

Answer 9

the art of drawing solid objects on a two-dimensional surface so as to give the right impression of their height, width, depth, and position in relation to each other when viewed from a particular point.

Question 10

Gutenberg

Answer 10

A German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press (1400-1468)

Question 11

Erasmus

Answer 11

humanist, scholar, theologian, and writer.

Question 12

William Shakespeare

Answer 12

an English poet, playwright, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world’s pre-eminent dramatist.

Question 13

Sir Thomas More

Answer 13

an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman and noted Renaissance humanist.

Question 14

Flemish

Answer 14

the Dutch language as spoken in Flanders, one of the two official languages of Belgium.

Question 15

Michelangelo

Answer 15

an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art.

Question 16

John van Eyck

Answer 16

an Early Netherlandish painter active in Bruges and one of the most significant Northern Renaissance artists of the 15th century.

Question 17

Albert Durer

Answer 17

a painter, printmaker, and theorist of the German Renaissance. Born in Nuremberg, Dürer established his reputation and influence across Europe when he was still in his twenties, due to his high-quality woodcut prints.

Question 18

Fresco

Answer 18

a painting done rapidly in watercolor on wet plaster on a wall or ceiling, so that the colors penetrate the plaster and become fixed as it dries.

Question 19

Indulgences

Answer 19

the actions or facts of indulging.

Question 20

Predestination

Answer 20

in theology, is the doctrine that all events have been willed by God, usually with reference to the eventual fate of the individual soul.

Question 21

Reformation

Answer 21

the action or process of reforming an institution or practice.

Question 22

Martin Luther

Answer 22

a German professor of theology, composer, priest, monk and a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation. Luther came to reject several teachings and practices of the Roman Catholic Church.

Question 23

Henry VIII

Answer 23

King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He was the first English King of Ireland, and continued the nominal claim by English monarchs to the Kingdom of France.

Question 24

John Calvin

Answer 24

an influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation.

Question 25

Huguenots

Answer 25

a French Protestant of the 16th–17th centuries. Largely Calvinist, the Huguenots suffered severe persecution at the hands of the Catholic majority, and many thousands emigrated from France.