COGNITIVE | SITUATIONAL EXAMPLES Flashcards
A nurse is assessing a patient with Alzheimer’s disease. Which of the following findings is most indicative of the disease’s progression?
A. Disorientation to time and place
B. Hallucinations and delusions
C. Impaired judgment
D. Loss of ability to perform previously learned tasks
D. Loss of ability to perform previously learned tasks
The nurse is assessing a patient with sudden confusion, illogical speech, and restlessness. Which additional finding would confirm the presence of delirium?
A. Progressive cognitive decline
B. Disorientation to time and place
C. Memory loss over several months
D. Difficulty performing activities of daily living
B. Disorientation to time and place
The nurse is providing care to an elderly patient with Alzheimer’s disease who exhibits sundowning. Which intervention is most appropriate?
A. Keep the room dark and quiet in the evening.
B. Increase stimuli during the evening hours.
C. Provide a well-lit, calm environment in the evening.
D. Encourage naps throughout the day.
C. Provide a well-lit, calm environment in the evening.
A nurse observes that a patient with Alzheimer’s disease struggles to name objects, even common ones. This condition is known as:
A. Aphasia
B. Anomia
C. Apraxia
D. Agnosia
B. Anomia
Which neurotransmitter deficiency is primarily associated with Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Dopamine
B. Serotonin
C. Acetylcholine
D. Norepinephrine
C. Acetylcholine
A nurse is educating the family of a patient with early-stage Alzheimer’s disease. Which statement by a family member indicates the need for further teaching?
A. “I will use simple words and short sentences when speaking to my mother.”
B. “I should correct my mother when she forgets names to help her memory.”
C. “We will use calendars and clocks to help with orientation.”
D. “I’ll make sure the environment is clutter-free for safety.”
B. “I should correct my mother when she forgets names to help her memory.”
A patient with Alzheimer’s disease experiences frequent episodes of confabulation. The nurse understands that confabulation is:
A. Hallucination of past events.
B. False memories to fill in memory gaps.
C. Emotional outbursts without reason.
D. Inability to perform daily activities
B. False memories to fill in memory gaps.
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for a patient with expressive aphasia?
A. Provide pen and paper for communication.
B. Speak loudly and slowly.
C. Encourage the patient to speak more often.
D. Avoid using visual aids.
A. Provide pen and paper for communication.
Which risk factor is most associated with the development of Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Male gender
B. Early adulthood
C. Age over 65 years
D. High socioeconomic status
C. Age over 65 years
The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of a reminiscence therapy session for a patient with Alzheimer’s disease. Which patient response indicates the therapy was successful?
A. The patient recalls all past events accurately.
B. The patient expresses feelings of happiness while discussing childhood memories.
C. The patient becomes frustrated when unable to recall specific details.
D. The patient improves short-term memory.
B. The patient expresses feelings of happiness while discussing childhood memories
