cognition measuring intelligence Flashcards
by some kind of test is a concept that is less than a century old.
Measurement of intelligence
Measurement of intelligence began when educators in _ realized that some students needed more help with learning than others did.
France
They thought that if a way could be found to identify these students more in need, they could be given a different kind of education than the more capable students.
Measurement of intelligence
a French psychologist named _ was asked by the French Ministry of Education to design a formal test of intelligence that would help identify children who were unable to learn as quickly or as well as others, so that they could be given remedial education.
Alfred Binet (Binet ‘s Mental Ability Test)
_ and colleague _ came up with a test that not only distinguished between fast and slow learners but also between children of different age groups as well.
Alfred Binet & Théodore Simon (Binet ‘s Mental Ability Test)
the _ learners seemed to give answers to questions that older children might give
fast learners (Binet ‘s Mental Ability Test)
_ learners gave answers that were more typical of a younger child
slow learners (Binet ‘s Mental Ability Test)
Binet decided that the key element to be tested was a child’s _ age
mental age (Binet ‘s Mental Ability Test)
the average age at which children could successfully answer a particular level of questions
mental age (Binet ‘s Mental Ability Test)
a researcher at Stanford University, adopted William Stern’s method
Lewis Terman (1916) (Stanford-Binet and IQ)
German psychologist, method for comparing mental age and chronological age for use with the translated and revised Binet test.
WILLIAM STERN (Stanford-Binet and IQ)
number of years since birth
chronological age
formula was to divide the mental age (MA) by the chronological age (CA) and multiply the result by 100 to get rid of any decimal points.
Stern’s (1912) formula (Stanford-Binet and IQ)
mental age MA/CA chronological age (100) =
intelligence quotient, or IQ (Stanford-Binet and IQ)
a number that results from dividing one number by another
quotient
_ Test is now in its fifth edition and includes different questions for people of different age groups
Stanford-Binet Test
who was the first to devise a series of tests designed for specific age groups
David Wechsler
he developed an IQ test specifically for adults
David Wechsler
_ Test was designed for children but being administered to adults
Stanford-Binet Test
He later designed tests specifically for older school-age children and preschool children, as well as those in the early grades
David Wechsler
- Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-IV)
- Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV)
- Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)
3 version of The Wechsler Tests
(WAIS-IV)
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
(WISC-IV)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
(WPPSI-IV)
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence
The three versions of this test, and in the United States these tests are now used more frequently than the Stanford-Binet.
The Wechsler Tests
these tests differed from the Stanford-Binet was by having both a verbal and performance (nonverbal) scale, as well as providing an overall score of intelligence
The Wechsler Tests
the original Stanford-Binet was composed predominantly of _ items
verbal items
- verbal comprehension
- perceptual reasoning
- working memory
- processing speed.
four specific cognitive domains (The Wechsler Tests)
using both verbal and nonverbal items, the WISC-IV and WAIS-IV organize items into _ index scales that provide an overall score of intelligence and index scores related to four specific cognitive domains
four index scales
- Verbal Comprehension Index
- Perceptual Reasoning Index
- Working Memory Index
- Processing Speed Index
4 INDEX Simulated Sample Items From the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)
Similarities, Vocabulary, Information
Verbal Comprehension Index
Simulated Sample Items From the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)
Block Design, Matrix Reasoning, Visual Puzzles
Perceptual Reasoning Index Simulated Sample Items From the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)
Digit Span,Arithmetic
Working Memory Index
Simulated Sample Items From the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)
Symbol Search, Coding
Processing Speed Index
Simulated Sample Items From the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)
Learn a different symbol for specific numbers and then fill in the blank under the number with the correct symbol. (This test is timed.)
Coding
Visually scan a group of symbols to identify specific target symbols, within a specified time limit.
Symbol Search
Three women divided 18 golf balls equally among themselves. How many golf balls did each person receive? If two buttons cost $0.15, what will be the cost of a dozen buttons?
ARITHMETIC
Recall lists of numbers, some lists forward and some lists in reverse order, and recall a mixed list of numbers in correct ascending order.
DIGIT SPAN
Look at a completed puzzle and select three components from a set of options that would re-create the puzzle, all within a specified time limit.
VISUAL PUZZLE
After looking at an incomplete matrix pattern or series, select an option that completes the matrix or series.
MATRIX REASONING
After looking at a pattern or design, try to arrange small cubes in the same pattern.
BLOCK DESIGN
What is steam made of? What is pepper? Who wrote Tom Sawyer?
INFORMATION
What is a hippopotamus? What does “resemble” mean?
Vocabulary
In what way are a circle and a triangle alike? In what way are a saw and a hammer alike?
Similarities
