Cognition And Emotion 1

Question 1

Prior to the 1980s, how were cognition and emotion typically regarded?

1) As separate topics
2) As intertwined topics
3) Emotion was considered irrelevant
4) Cognition was regarded as a subset of emotion

Answer 1

As separate topics

Question 2

What is the definition of “affect”?

1) A long-lasting emotional state
2) The experience of feeling or emotion
3) The physiological response to stimuli
4) A cognitive judgment about a situation

Answer 2

The experience of feeling or emotion

Question 3

According to Watson & Clark (1994), which is NOT a response system of emotion?

1) Behavioral expression
2) Autonomic changes
3) Subjective feeling state
4) Logical reasoning

Answer 3

Logical reasoning

Question 4

Which approach suggests that all emotional experiences are a mix of basic emotions?

1) Dimensional approach
2) Basic emotions approach
3) Cognitive appraisal approach
4) Universal emotions approach

Answer 4

Basic emotions approach

Question 5

According to Ekman (1999), which is NOT a characteristic of basic emotions?

1) Quick onset
2) Prolonged duration
3) Distinct universal signals
4) Present in other primates

Answer 5

Prolonged duration

Question 6

What dimensions are included in Lang’s (1988) affect grid?

1) Valence and intensity
2) Arousal and control
3) Valence and arousal
4) Dominance and arousal

Answer 6

Valence and arousal

Question 7

Which theory posits that bodily changes precede emotional experience?

1) Cannon-Bard theory
2) James-Lange theory
3) Schachter-Singer theory
4) Dimensional model

Answer 7

James-Lange theory

Question 8

According to the Cannon-Bard theory, how do emotional experience and physiological arousal occur?

1) Sequentially
2) Simultaneously
3) Independently
4) As part of a feedback loop

Answer 8

Simultaneously

Question 9

The Schachter-Singer theory emphasizes the importance of:

1) Distinct physiological patterns
2) Context and cognitive appraisal
3) Facial expressions of emotion
4) Universal emotional triggers

Answer 9

Context and cognitive appraisal

Question 10

What did Schachter and Singer manipulate in their study?

1) Participants’ memory
2) Physiological arousal and context
3) Facial expressions and cognition
4) Autonomic responses only

Answer 10

Physiological arousal and context

Question 11

In the Schachter-Singer study, which group felt the happiest in the euphoria condition?

1) Placebo group
2) Misinformed group
3) Informed group
4) Ignorant/uninformed group

Answer 11

Misinformed group

Question 12

According to Ekman, which emotion shows the weakest agreement across cultures?

1) Anger
2) Disgust
3) Happiness
4) Surprise

Answer 12

Surprise

Question 13

What tool uses a 9-point rating scale to assess emotions?

1) Affect-grid
2) Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM)
3) IAPS images
4) International Affect Scale

Answer 13

Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM)

Question 14

The dimensional approach identifies emotional experiences based on:

1) Distinct emotional categories
2) Cognitive evaluations
3) Valence and arousal dimensions
4) Physiological feedback

Answer 14

Valence and arousal dimensions

Question 15

How did the placebo group react in the angry condition of Schachter-Singer’s study?

1) Angriest of all groups
2) Least angry of all groups
3) Moderately angry compared to others
4) Indifferent to the context

Answer 15

Moderately angry compared to others

Question 16

What challenge does the dimensional approach face?

1) Difficulty identifying emotions with mixed attributes
2) Lack of empirical validation
3) Over-reliance on cultural interpretations
4) Fails to account for universal emotions

Answer 16

Difficulty identifying emotions with mixed attributes

Question 17

Which historical theory of emotion involves sub-cortical stimulation?

1) James-Lange theory
2) Cannon-Bard theory
3) Dimensional approach
4) Schachter-Singer theory

Answer 17

Cannon-Bard theory

Question 18

What is the primary focus of the IAPS system?

1) Emotional classification through verbal descriptions
2) Rating images based on emotional dimensions
3) Investigating physiological changes
4) Identifying universal emotional expressions

Answer 18

Rating images based on emotional dimensions

Question 19

How does nostalgia challenge dimensional models?

1) It is universally agreed upon
2) It combines both positive and negative valences
3) It cannot be categorized using emotions
4) It lacks a clear physiological pattern

Answer 19

It combines both positive and negative valences

Question 20

What is one of the main critiques of the James-Lange theory?

1) Emotion precedes physiological arousal
2) It neglects the role of cognitive appraisal
3) It fails to identify universal emotions
4) Physiological signals are inconsistent

Answer 20

It neglects the role of cognitive appraisal